Changes

==Citation Styles==

==Citation Styles==

===Structure Within the Document===

===Structure Within the Document===

Many different citation styles have been developed for the specific needs of readers. Proper citation allows a reader to locate the source of any non-original idea, whether it's a quote or a paraphrase. It can even help the reader determine the reliability of a source, although that's incidental; if an author has reason to doubt the utility of one of his sources, he should mention that in the text or a footnote. For simplicity and accessibility, I've decided to use Kate L. Turabian's ''A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations'' (6th ed.). It is a small, but thorough, guide for scholarly writing based on the Chicago Manual of Style.

Many different citation styles have been developed for the specific needs of readers. Proper citation allows a reader to locate the source of any non-original idea, whether it's a quote or a paraphrase. It can even help the reader determine the reliability of a source, although that's incidental; if an author has reason to doubt the utility of one of his sources, he should mention that in the text, a note, or a bibliographic annotation. For simplicity and accessibility, I've decided to use Kate L. Turabian's ''A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations'' (6th ed.). It is a small, but thorough, guide for scholarly writing based on the Chicago Manual of Style.

Turabian describes two major ways to cite ideas in text. Parenthetical reference (PR) systems insert references directly into the text; a reference list (RL) is provided at the end of the article. Turabian-style PR/RL article might look something like this:

Turabian describes two major ways to cite ideas in text: one using inline parenthetical references, and one using notes placed elsewhere in the document. We'll look at them in that order. Parenthetical reference (PR) systems insert references directly into the text; a reference list (RL) is provided at the end of the article. Turabian-style PR/RL article might look something like this:

<blockquote>The most striking image is probably that of Balok's puppet under Solow's Executive in Charge of Production credit. The close-up was chosen by Justman, who reported that Solow "thanked [him] profusely" (Solow and Justman 1996, 194-195).<br/>

<blockquote>The most striking image is probably that of Balok's puppet under Solow's Executive in Charge of Production credit. The close-up was chosen by Justman, who reported that Solow "thanked [him] profusely" (Solow and Justman 1996, 194-195).<br/>

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*Solow, Herbert and Robert Justman. 1996. ''Inside Star Trek: The Real Story.'' New York: Pocket Books.</blockquote>

*Solow, Herbert and Robert Justman. 1996. ''Inside Star Trek: The Real Story.'' New York: Pocket Books.</blockquote>

While some people may prefer to scan the author-date information while reading the text, others find it distracting. The alternative is to use notes. Turabian calls this the Note/Bibliography (N/B) system. There are two types of notes: the footnote and the endnote. Both are indicated by a superscript numeral in the text. Footnotes appear at the bottom of a page and, in the Turabian style, reproduce all the information needed to find a reference. This is useful when it may be difficult to find a work's reference list, for instance, when reading microfiche or a photocopied excerpt. Unlike footnotes, endnotes are placed at the end of an article, chapter, or paper. Notes may contain bibliographic information or additional content to amplify the main text. Bibliographic footnotes should not be used if a bibliography is also provided. Here is what a Turabian-style N/B article, modified slightly for screen presentation, might look like:

While some people may prefer to scan the author-date information while reading the text, others find it distracting. The alternative is to use notes. Turabian calls this the Note/Bibliography (N/B) system. There are two types of notes: the footnote and the endnote. Both are indicated by a superscript numeral in the text. Footnotes appear at the bottom of a page and, in the Turabian style, reproduce all the information needed to find a reference. This is useful when it may be difficult to find a work's reference list, for instance, when reading microfiche or a photocopied excerpt. Unlike footnotes, endnotes are placed at the end of an article, chapter, or paper. Notes may contain bibliographic information or additional content to amplify the main text. Bibliographic endnotes should not be used if a bibliography is also provided. Here is what a Turabian-style N/B article, modified slightly for screen presentation, might look like:

<blockquote>The Nirnaeth Arnoediad was perhaps Morgoth's greatest victory since his acquisition of the ''silmarilli,'' "for Men took the lives of Men, and betrayed the Eldar, and fear and hatred were aroused among those who should have been united against him."¹<br/>

<blockquote>The Nirnaeth Arnoediad was perhaps Morgoth's greatest victory since his acquisition of the ''silmarilli,'' "for Men took the lives of Men, and betrayed the Eldar, and fear and hatred were aroused among those who should have been united against him."¹<br/>

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*Rosa, Don. ''The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck.'' Timonium: Gemstone, 2005.</blockquote>

*Rosa, Don. ''The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck.'' Timonium: Gemstone, 2005.</blockquote>

We can do even more to this snippet of text. It's not allowed by Turabian, but we could also put two endnotes here: one containing the reference, and another to amplify the statement about Scrooge's estranged relative. This would be inconsistent and confusing in text, and would muddle the semantic structure of the document here, but it's at least readable. It may be preferable to have no less than three sections to an article: the main text, the notes to the text, the reference notes, and the reference list.  Unfortunately, wiki markup does not ''yet'' seem to be able to handle two separate sets of notes in one article. Ideally, we would be able to have two sets of end notes interleaved, perhaps one with numbers and one with letters. Until that day, we have to continue mixing content and bibliographic notes.<ref>Or, I could be wrong. There's a lot about MediaWiki markup I don't know.</ref>

We can do even more to this snippet of text. It's not allowed by Turabian, but we could also put two endnotes here: one containing the reference, and another to amplify the statement about Scrooge's estranged relative. This would be inconsistent and confusing in text, and would muddle the semantic structure of the document here, but it's at least readable. It may be preferable to have no less than four sections to an article: the main text, the notes to the text, the reference notes, and the reference list.  Unfortunately, wiki markup does not ''yet'' seem to be able to handle two separate sets of notes in one article. Ideally, we would be able to have two sets of end notes interleaved, perhaps one with numbers and one with letters. Until that day, we have to continue mixing content and bibliographic notes.<ref>Or, I could be wrong. There's a lot about MediaWiki markup I don't know.</ref>

I think that is a universally appropriate structure for including references in a Conservapedia article, and I think it should be encouraged. It is flexible enough that extraneous sections can be dropped, and they can be added by later editors. I do not think it should be required; subject matter experts who are used to other styles, such as APA or CBE, may wish to use those.

I think that is a universally appropriate structure for including references in a Conservapedia article, and I think it should be encouraged. It is flexible enough that extraneous sections can be dropped, and they can be added by later editors. I do not think it should be required; subject matter experts who are used to other styles, such as APA or CBE, may wish to use those.