Changes

Breeding takes place when there is a drop in water temperature and levels rise.  Males attract females by making clicking sounds underwater; once there the male grasps the female and both swim about in somersaulting motions.

Breeding takes place when there is a drop in water temperature and levels rise.  Males attract females by making clicking sounds underwater; once there the male grasps the female and both swim about in somersaulting motions.

While in the males grasp, the female lays her eggs on the male's belly with a long oviduct, which is then fertilized.  The male then places the eggs on the female's back, where they adhere to her dorsal skin; the skin swells around the eggs within 24 hours, and fully-encloses them within 10 days.  The young develop in this manner until they hatch within 12 to 20 weeks, emerging from her skin as fully-formed toads<ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aCayq56wHSA</ref>.

While in the males grasp, the female lays her eggs on the male's belly with a long oviduct, which is then fertilized.  The male then places the eggs on the female's back, where they adhere to her dorsal skin; the skin swells around the eggs within 24 hours, and fully-encloses them within 10 days.  The young develop in this manner until they hatch within 12 to 20 weeks, emerging from her skin as fully-formed toads.<ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aCayq56wHSA</ref>

==Evolutionary problem==

==Evolutionary problem==

According to evolution, Surinam toads first appeared some 90 million years ago as ''Pachybatrachus taqueti'', in what is now the Republic of [[Niger]]<ref>http://www.answers.com/topic/pipidae-1</ref>, and scientists state that fossil remains have been found in Africa and South America.

According to evolution, Surinam toads first appeared some 90 million years ago as ''Pachybatrachus taqueti'', in what is now the Republic of [[Niger]],<ref>http://www.answers.com/topic/pipidae-1</ref> and scientists state that fossil remains have been found in Africa and South America.

Charles Darwin stated ''"If it could be demonstrated that any complex organ existed which could not possibly have been formed by numerous, successive, slight modifications, my theory would absolutely break down"''<ref>Charles Darwin. The Origin of Species, New York: New American Library, 1958 p. 171</ref>. The explanation given by evolution for the toad's method of breeding is the drying up of ponds and streams; this necessitated the development of the long oviduct and spongy back over a period of eons.  The problem with that explanation is when water dries up, the Surinam toad would need such body modifications and the ability to use them immediately or the species would become extinct; a back skin modified to collect and preserve eggs is entirely useless without the male's ability to place them there.<ref>http://www.welovegod.org/ministry_files/The_Reading_Room/Evolution_n_Creation_2/Toads_Disagree_with_Darwin.shtml</ref>

Charles Darwin stated ''"If it could be demonstrated that any complex organ existed which could not possibly have been formed by numerous, successive, slight modifications, my theory would absolutely break down"''.<ref>Charles Darwin. The Origin of Species, New York: New American Library, 1958 p. 171</ref>  The explanation given by evolution for the toad's method of breeding is the drying up of ponds and streams; this necessitated the development of the long oviduct and spongy back over a period of eons.  The problem with that explanation is when water dries up, the Surinam toad would need such body modifications and the ability to use them immediately or the species would become extinct; a back skin modified to collect and preserve eggs is entirely useless without the male's ability to place them there.<ref>http://www.welovegod.org/ministry_files/The_Reading_Room/Evolution_n_Creation_2/Toads_Disagree_with_Darwin.shtml</ref>

==References==

==References==