Changes

Facing defeat, the Israelis implored the [[United States]] for military aid, as the Europeans refused to assist under threat of an Arab [[oil]] embargo.  The [[United States]] airlifted a large number of tanks and aircraft into Israel, thus replacing Israeli losses.  Because of the influx of materiel, the Israelis were able to commit their forces to a renewed offensive posture, overwhelming the older Egyptian and Syrian divisions.

Facing defeat, the Israelis implored the [[United States]] for military aid, as the Europeans refused to assist under threat of an Arab [[oil]] embargo.  The [[United States]] airlifted a large number of tanks and aircraft into Israel, thus replacing Israeli losses.  Because of the influx of materiel, the Israelis were able to commit their forces to a renewed offensive posture, overwhelming the older Egyptian and Syrian divisions.

Because the Israelis through the majority of their reserves into the Golan Heights theater, they were able to push back the Syrian advance, and counterattack into Syria, though this counter attack was ultimately turned back by a combined Syrian, [[Jordan]]ian, and [[Iraq]]i force.  In the Sinai, after several attacks and counter attacks, both sides went into a defensive stance to hold the ground that they had.  On October 14, the Egyptian forces decided to attack first, but made a tactical blunder in attacking the Israelis head on and outside of their SAM umbrella.  The Egyptian tanks were decimated by the superior Israeli armor and air power.  The following day, the Israelis counterattacked across the Suez canal.

Because the Israelis through the majority of their reserves into the Golan Heights theater, they were able to push back the Syrian advance, and counterattack into Syria, though this counterattack was ultimately turned back by a combined Syrian, [[Jordan]]ian, and [[Iraq]]i force.  In the Sinai, after several attacks and counterattacks, both sides went into a defensive stance to hold the ground that they had.  On October 14, the Egyptian forces decided to attack first, but made a tactical blunder in attacking the Israelis head on and outside of their SAM umbrella.  The Egyptian tanks were decimated by the superior Israeli armor and air power.  The following day, the Israelis counterattacked across the Suez canal.

By October 23, the Israeli army, though pushed back from the outskirts of [[Damascus]], still had captured additional territory near the Golan Heights, and was close to encircling the Egyptian army in the Sinai peninsula.  The [[United Nations]] chose this time to impose a cease fire which went into effect at sundown on the 23rd.  However, overnight the Israeli army continued its attack in Egyptian territory in order to complete the encirclement of the Egyptians.  In a conference with [[Golda Meir]] that evening, [[Henry Kissinger]] asked "how can anyone ever know where a line is or was in the desert?"  Their army now encircled, the Egyptians had no choice but to accept the cease fire in exchange for the creation of UN checkpoints to allow non-military supplies to reach their army, and the exchange of prisoners of war.  Although the cease fire did not bind the Syrians, they decided not to further counterattack the Israeli army, though their combined force of Syrian, [[Iraqi]], and [[Jordanian]] troops had the Israelis in a state of retreat.

By October 23, the Israeli army, though pushed back from the outskirts of [[Damascus]], still had captured additional territory near the Golan Heights, and was close to encircling the Egyptian army in the Sinai peninsula.  The [[United Nations]] chose this time to impose a cease fire which went into effect at sundown on the 23rd.  However, overnight the Israeli army continued its attack in Egyptian territory in order to complete the encirclement of the Egyptians.  In a conference with [[Golda Meir]] that evening, [[Henry Kissinger]] asked "how can anyone ever know where a line is or was in the desert?"  Their army now encircled, the Egyptians had no choice but to accept the cease fire in exchange for the creation of UN checkpoints to allow non-military supplies to reach their army, and the exchange of prisoners of war.  Although the cease fire did not bind the Syrians, they decided not to further counterattack the Israeli army, though their combined force of Syrian, [[Iraqi]], and [[Jordanian]] troops had the Israelis in a state of retreat.