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| | This task will arguably become far more difficult as the supply of nominal Christians dries up while more secularisation-resistant Muslims and committed rump Christians comprise an increasing share of the population.<ref>[http://www.sneps.net/RD/uploads/1-Shall%20the%20Religious%20Inherit%20the%20Earth.pdf ''Shall the Religious Inherit the Earth?: Demography and Politics in the Twenty-First Century'' by Eric Kaufmann]</ref>}} | | This task will arguably become far more difficult as the supply of nominal Christians dries up while more secularisation-resistant Muslims and committed rump Christians comprise an increasing share of the population.<ref>[http://www.sneps.net/RD/uploads/1-Shall%20the%20Religious%20Inherit%20the%20Earth.pdf ''Shall the Religious Inherit the Earth?: Demography and Politics in the Twenty-First Century'' by Eric Kaufmann]</ref>}} |
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| − | === Religious immigrants to Europe resistant to secularization ===
| + | == Religious immigrants to Europe resistant to secularization == |
| | [[File:800px-Mikolow protestant church pulpit.jpg|thumbnail|200px|right|Conservative [[Protestantism|Protestants]] have relatively high fertility rates.<ref>[http://questionevolution.blogspot.com/2012/08/immigrants-become-more-religious-longer.html Religious immigrants will alter the religious landscape of Europe]</ref> (Picture: Protestant church pulpit in Europe) ]] | | [[File:800px-Mikolow protestant church pulpit.jpg|thumbnail|200px|right|Conservative [[Protestantism|Protestants]] have relatively high fertility rates.<ref>[http://questionevolution.blogspot.com/2012/08/immigrants-become-more-religious-longer.html Religious immigrants will alter the religious landscape of Europe]</ref> (Picture: Protestant church pulpit in Europe) ]] |
| | In 2011, a paper was published entitled ''The End of Secularization in Europe?: A Socio-Demographic Perspective''. The authors of the paper were: Eric Kaufmann - Birkbeck College, University of London; Anne Goujon - World Population Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA); Vegard Skirbekk World Population Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA).<ref>[http://questionevolution.blogspot.com/2012/08/immigrants-become-more-religious-longer.html Religious immigrants will alter the religious landscape of Europe]</ref> | | In 2011, a paper was published entitled ''The End of Secularization in Europe?: A Socio-Demographic Perspective''. The authors of the paper were: Eric Kaufmann - Birkbeck College, University of London; Anne Goujon - World Population Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA); Vegard Skirbekk World Population Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA).<ref>[http://questionevolution.blogspot.com/2012/08/immigrants-become-more-religious-longer.html Religious immigrants will alter the religious landscape of Europe]</ref> |
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| | In Europe, there has been less attention paid to fertility differences between denominations. However, several studies have discovered that immigrants to Europe tend to be more religious than the host population and — especially if Muslim—tend to retain their religiosity (Van Tubergen 2006). Though some indicators point to modest religious decline toward the host society mean, other trends suggest that immigrants become more, rather than less, religious the longer they reside in the host society (Van Tubergen 2007). All of which indicates that religious decline may fail at the aggregate level even if it is occurring at the individual level (Kaufmann 2006, 2010). This article thereby investigates the hypothesis that a combination of higher religious fertility, immigration, and slowing rates of religious apostasy will eventually produce a reversal in the decline of the religious population of Western Europe.<ref>[http://questionevolution.blogspot.com/2012/08/immigrants-become-more-religious-longer.html Religious immigrants will alter the religious landscape of Europe]</ref>}} | | In Europe, there has been less attention paid to fertility differences between denominations. However, several studies have discovered that immigrants to Europe tend to be more religious than the host population and — especially if Muslim—tend to retain their religiosity (Van Tubergen 2006). Though some indicators point to modest religious decline toward the host society mean, other trends suggest that immigrants become more, rather than less, religious the longer they reside in the host society (Van Tubergen 2007). All of which indicates that religious decline may fail at the aggregate level even if it is occurring at the individual level (Kaufmann 2006, 2010). This article thereby investigates the hypothesis that a combination of higher religious fertility, immigration, and slowing rates of religious apostasy will eventually produce a reversal in the decline of the religious population of Western Europe.<ref>[http://questionevolution.blogspot.com/2012/08/immigrants-become-more-religious-longer.html Religious immigrants will alter the religious landscape of Europe]</ref>}} |
| − | [[File:France location.png|thumbnail|200px|left|French scholars say, [[evangelicalism]] is likely the fastest-growing religion in [[France]] – defying all stereotypes about one of Europe’s most secular nations. In 2011, The number of evangelical churches increased from 769 to 2,068 in 2011.<ref>[http://www.csmonitor.com/World/2012/0712/In-a-France-suspicious-of-religion-evangelicalism-s-message-strikes-a-chord In a France suspicious of religion, evangelicalism's message strikes a chord]</ref> ]]
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| − | In 2010, Kaufmann reported that the rate of secularisation flattened to zero in most of Protestant Europe and France.<ref>[http://www.mercatornet.com/articles/view/shall_the_religious_inherit_the_earth/ Shall the religious inherit the earth]</ref>
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| − | On July 12, 2012, the ''Christian Science Monitor'' reported:
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| − | {{cquote|French scholars say, evangelicalism is likely the fastest-growing religion in [[France]] – defying all stereotypes about Europe’s most secular nation...
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| − | Daniel Liechti, vice-president of the French National Evangelical Council, found that since 1970, a new evangelical church has opened in France every 10 days. The number of churches increased from 769 to 2,068 last year.<ref>[http://www.csmonitor.com/World/2012/0712/In-a-France-suspicious-of-religion-evangelicalism-s-message-strikes-a-chord In a France suspicious of religion, evangelicalism's message strikes a chord]</ref>}}
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| | == Creationism and desecularization == | | == Creationism and desecularization == |