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Line 100: − + + − The strict segregation of women in Saudi Arabia, although a consequence of tradition and [[Wahhabi]] conservatism, has continued to be implemented even as urbanization has progressed and the authority of the state has grown. A female sphere of activities has developed, encouraged by the state, but Saudi women have appopriated this segregated organization and developed it on their own terms, such that their activities and discourses are by and for women. However, autonomy for these organizations is limited, as they are subject to decisions from above, from all-men's institutions, and from state rules and laws that demand adherence.<ref>Amélie Lerenard, “'Only for Women': Women, the State, and Reform in Saudi Arabia,” ‘’Middle East Journal’‘ 2008 62(4): 610-629</ref>+ + + + + +
→Women: jobs, politics, driveng
===Women===
===Women===
Saudi Arabia has strict gender segregation laws prohibiting women from holding jobs, meeting men other than their relatives, or living independently of a family of husband. These laws are enforced by an Islamic department of the police force, justified as measures to protect Islamic culture and morality.
Saudi Arabia has had strict gender segregation laws prohibiting women from holding jobs, meeting men other than their relatives, or living independently of a family of husband. These laws were enforced by an Islamic department of the police force, justified as measures to protect Islamic culture and morality.
The strict segregation of women in Saudi Arabia, although a consequence of tradition and [[Wahhabi]] conservatism, continued to be implemented even as urbanization has progressed and the authority of the state has grown.
A female sphere of activities has developed, encouraged by the state, but Saudi women have appopriated this segregated organization and developed it on their own terms, such that their activities and discourses are by and for women. However, autonomy for these organizations is limited, as they are subject to decisions from above, from all-men's institutions, and from state rules and laws that demand adherence.<ref>Amélie Lerenard, “'Only for Women': Women, the State, and Reform in Saudi Arabia,” ‘’Middle East Journal’‘ 2008 62(4): 610-629</ref>
In the second decade of the 21st Century, some of the restrictions were relaxed - in part due to a reform-minded crown prince.
* In 2017, the ''New York Times'' reported, "Increasing numbers of women are working in a growing number of professions, and in 2015, women were allowed to vote and to run for seats on the kingdom’s local councils."<ref name=end-driving-ban> [https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/26/world/middleeast/saudi-arabia-women-drive.html Saudi Arabia Agrees to Let Women Drive] - Ben Hubbard - Sept. 26, 2017</ref>
It was announced in September 2017 that the ban of women driving would end in June 2018.<ref name=end-driving-ban />
==Economy==
==Economy==