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Acheson was primarily responsible for shaping American foreign policy during the [[Harry S. Truman|Truman]] administration in the early [[Cold War]] years, 1945-1952, including the implementation of the containment strategy.  He helped design and implement many important institutions, including [[Lend Lease]], the [[Truman Doctrine]], the [[Marshall Plan]], the [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization]], the [[International Monetary Fund]], and the [[World Bank]], together with the early organizations that later became the [[European Union]] and the [[World Trade Organization]]. His most famous decision was convincing Truman in June 1950 to intervene in the [[Korean War]].  Historians have argued, "Dean Acheson was more than 'present at the creation' of the [[Cold War]]; he was a primary architect."<ref>Randall Bennett Woods, "The Good Shepherd," ''Reviews in American History,'' Volume 35, Number 2, June 2007, pp. 284-288</ref>  

Acheson was primarily responsible for shaping American foreign policy during the [[Harry S. Truman|Truman]] administration in the early [[Cold War]] years, 1945-1952, including the implementation of the containment strategy.  He helped design and implement many important institutions, including [[Lend Lease]], the [[Truman Doctrine]], the [[Marshall Plan]], the [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization]], the [[International Monetary Fund]], and the [[World Bank]], together with the early organizations that later became the [[European Union]] and the [[World Trade Organization]]. His most famous decision was convincing Truman in June 1950 to intervene in the [[Korean War]].  Historians have argued, "Dean Acheson was more than 'present at the creation' of the [[Cold War]]; he was a primary architect."<ref>Randall Bennett Woods, "The Good Shepherd," ''Reviews in American History,'' Volume 35, Number 2, June 2007, pp. 284-288</ref>  

Acheson came under heavy attack for his policies in China and for his defense of State Department employees accused during Senator [[Joseph McCarthy]]'s anti-Communist investigations in 1950–52.  

Acheson came under heavy attack for his policies in China and for his defense of State Department employees accused during Senator [[Joseph McCarthy]]'s anti-Communist investigations in 1950–52. In addition, then-FBI head J. Edgar Hoover also suspected him of being a closet communist, even writing an internal memo dated on May 1946 warning the Truman administration of how Acheson had been particularly worrisome regarding "pro-Soviet leanings." alongside [[Alger Hiss]] and John McCloy regarding an enormous Soviet spy ring within Washington.

After he left office in 1953 he practiced law and advised presidents of both parties.  Acheson was instrumental in framing U.S. policy toward the [[Vietnam War]], persuading Truman to dispatch aid and advisors to French forces in [[French Indochina|Indochina]]. During the 1962 [[Cuban Missile Crisis]], President [[John F. Kennedy]] called upon Acheson for advice, bringing him into the executive committee ([[ExComm]]), a strategic advisory group. In 1968 he counseled President [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] to negotiate for peace with [[North Vietnam]].  

After he left office in 1953 he practiced law and advised presidents of both parties.  Acheson was instrumental in framing U.S. policy toward the [[Vietnam War]], persuading Truman to dispatch aid and advisors to French forces in [[French Indochina|Indochina]]. During the 1962 [[Cuban Missile Crisis]], President [[John F. Kennedy]] called upon Acheson for advice, bringing him into the executive committee ([[ExComm]]), a strategic advisory group. In 1968 he counseled President [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] to negotiate for peace with [[North Vietnam]].