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Just before Ukraine declared its independence from the Soviet Union, Ukrainian nationalist forces in Ukraine and the Diaspora identified the greatest threat to their take-over project in Ukraine was a flourishing Russian democracy. Taras Kuzio wrote,

Just before Ukraine declared its independence from the Soviet Union, Ukrainian nationalist forces in Ukraine and the Diaspora identified the greatest threat to their take-over project in Ukraine was a flourishing Russian democracy. Taras Kuzio wrote,

{{quotebox|“Originally, in 1990, the SNUM-nationalists and the UNS(Ukrainian nationalist groups) espoused “revolutionary nationalism” (the ideology of the emigre OUNr). ..”The enemy of the Ukrainian administration is Russian democracy. The only weapon for it is state independence.” Hence, the UNA believed that Kravchuk’s anathema for Russian democracy would have transformed itself into support for authoritarianism and nationalism within an independent Ukraine, especially as both the UNA and the national communists supported state-based (not ethnic) nationalism and allegiance to independent Ukraine… The vote in favour of independence, which was made by the population of Ukraine, was not the result of the activity of the so-called ‘democratic forces’ (apart from, possibly, in the territory of western Ukraine), but was the result of the turn towards independence of the higher organs of power in Ukraine, as was seen in the election of Kravchuk as president of Ukraine,” claimed Melnyk, head of the UNA executive”}}

{{quotebox|“Originally, in 1990, the SNUM-nationalists and the UNS(Ukrainian nationalist groups) espoused “revolutionary nationalism” (the ideology of the emigre OUNr). ..”The enemy of the Ukrainian administration is Russian democracy. The only weapon for it is state independence.” Hence, the UNA believed that Kravchuk’s anathema for Russian democracy would have transformed itself into support for authoritarianism and nationalism within an independent Ukraine, especially as both the UNA and the national communists supported state-based (not ethnic) nationalism and allegiance to independent Ukraine… The vote in favour of independence, which was made by the population of Ukraine, was not the result of the activity of the so-called ‘democratic forces’ (apart from, possibly, in the territory of western Ukraine), but was the result of the turn towards independence of the higher organs of power in Ukraine, as was seen in the election of Kravchuk as president of Ukraine,” claimed Melnyk, head of the UNA executive”}}

Andreas Umland and Anton Shekhovstsov wrote in 2013:

Andreas Umland and Anton Shekhovstsov wrote in 2013:

{{quotebox|In 1990, one of the best known nationalist parties—the Ukrainian National Assembly (UNA), headed by Dmytro Korchyns'kyi—was established in Lviv… In Ukraine itself, the UNA-UNSD became a media phenomenon, not least thanks to its deliberate provocation aimed at [[left-wing]] and pro-[[Russian]] forces and its frequent clashes with the police. But the UNA had little political success… The second best-known ultraright party to emerge at the beginning of the 1990s was the Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists (CUN)—a direct heir of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (Bandera) (OUN-B), which Stepan Bandera headed in 1940 after a split in the original OUN. The continuity between the OUN-B and the CUN was ensured by the return from emigration of Iaroslava Stets'ko, [Slava  Stetsko] a former member of the OUN-B and the widow of Iaroslav Stets'ko [Yaroslav Stetsko], one of the leaders of the OUN-B and the Ukrainian Insurgent Army.}}

{{quotebox|In 1990, one of the best known nationalist parties—the Ukrainian National Assembly (UNA), headed by Dmytro Korchyns'kyi—was established in Lviv… In Ukraine itself, the UNA-UNSD became a media phenomenon, not least thanks to its deliberate provocation aimed at [[left-wing]] and pro-[[Russian]] forces and its frequent clashes with the police. But the UNA had little political success… The second best-known ultraright party to emerge at the beginning of the 1990s was the Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists (CUN)—a direct heir of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (Bandera) (OUN-B), which Stepan Bandera headed in 1940 after a split in the original OUN. The continuity between the OUN-B and the CUN was ensured by the return from emigration of Iaroslava Stets'ko, [Slava  Stetsko] a former member of the OUN-B and the widow of Iaroslav Stets'ko [Yaroslav Stetsko], one of the leaders of the OUN-B and the Ukrainian Insurgent Army.}}