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→1930s: opposition towards New Deal
Republican senator [[Arthur H. Vandenberg]] organized the Conservative Coalition in soundly defeating the vain power-grab scheme,<ref>[https://www.fjc.gov/sites/default/files/2014/Debates-Federal-Judiciary-Vol-II.pdf Debates on the Federal Judiciary: A Documentary History]. ''Federal Judiciary Center''. Retrieved October 16, 2021.</ref> with the U.S. Senate voting 70–20 to recommit the bill to committee.<ref>[https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/75-1/s42 TO RECOMMIT TO THE COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIAL BRANCH OF GOVERNMENT. S. 1392, A BILL TO REORGANIZE THE JUDICIARY BRANCH.]. ''GovTrack.us''. Retrieved June 29, 2021.</ref> The U.S. House, while refusing to pass the Judiciary Procedures Reform Bill,<ref>Fascinating Politics (April 28, 2021). [https://fascinatingpolitics.com/2021/04/28/the-court-packing-episode/ The Court Packing Episode]. ''Mad Politics: The Bizarre, Fascinating, and Unknown of American Political History''. Retrieved October 16, 2021.</ref> managed to pass a substitute bill which provided further incentives for the retirement of Supreme Court justices for Roosevelt to thus replace.<ref>[https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/75-1/h11 TO PASS H. R. 2518, (P. A. 10), A BILL PROVIDING FOR THE RETIREMENT OF JUSTICES OF THE SUPREME COURT.]. ''GovTrack.us''. Retrieved October 16, 2021.</ref>
Republican senator [[Arthur H. Vandenberg]] organized the Conservative Coalition in soundly defeating the vain power-grab scheme,<ref>[https://www.fjc.gov/sites/default/files/2014/Debates-Federal-Judiciary-Vol-II.pdf Debates on the Federal Judiciary: A Documentary History]. ''Federal Judiciary Center''. Retrieved October 16, 2021.</ref> with the U.S. Senate voting 70–20 to recommit the bill to committee.<ref>[https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/75-1/s42 TO RECOMMIT TO THE COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIAL BRANCH OF GOVERNMENT. S. 1392, A BILL TO REORGANIZE THE JUDICIARY BRANCH.]. ''GovTrack.us''. Retrieved June 29, 2021.</ref> The U.S. House, while refusing to pass the Judiciary Procedures Reform Bill,<ref>Fascinating Politics (April 28, 2021). [https://fascinatingpolitics.com/2021/04/28/the-court-packing-episode/ The Court Packing Episode]. ''Mad Politics: The Bizarre, Fascinating, and Unknown of American Political History''. Retrieved October 16, 2021.</ref> managed to pass a substitute bill which provided further incentives for the retirement of Supreme Court justices for Roosevelt to thus replace.<ref>[https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/75-1/h11 TO PASS H. R. 2518, (P. A. 10), A BILL PROVIDING FOR THE RETIREMENT OF JUSTICES OF THE SUPREME COURT.]. ''GovTrack.us''. Retrieved October 16, 2021.</ref>
The majority of Americans during the time opposed the court packing plan.<ref>Zelizer, Julian E. (October 15, 2018). [https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/15/opinion/supreme-court-packing-democrats-.html Packing the Supreme Court Is a Terrible Idea]. ''The New York Times''. Retrieved October 16, 2021.</ref> In the [[1938 Midterm Elections|1938 midterms]], the Democratic Party lost a substantial number of House and Senate seats, though still retained a strong majority. However, increasing anti-New Deal sentiment in the party contributed to the increasing power of the Conservative Coalition.
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