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'''Lyman Trumbull''' (October 12, 1813 – June 25, 1896) was a judge, lawyer, and [[Democrat]]-turned-[[Republican]] from [[Illinois]] who served as the state's U.S. senator from 1855 to 1873. He was previously a justice on the state Supreme Court, and the Illinois Secretary of State prior to that.

'''Lyman Trumbull''' (October 12, 1813 – June 25, 1896) was a judge, lawyer, and [[Democrat]]-turned-[[Republican]] from [[Illinois]] who served as the state's U.S. senator from 1855 to 1873. He was previously a justice on the state Supreme Court, and the Illinois Secretary of State prior to that.

Trumbull's earlier political career was marked by fierce opposition towards [[slavery]], switching party affiliation in the 1850s and later joining [[Radical Republican]] ranks. However, he later turned against his earlier pro-civil rights record, joining the [[Liberal Republican Party]] and opposing the Civil Rights Act of 1871. He subsequently failed to win elected office again, and spent the last year of his life vainly fighting on behalf of left-wing causes.

Trumbull's earlier political career was marked by fierce opposition towards [[slavery]], switching party affiliation in the 1850s and later joining [[Radical Republican]] ranks. However, he later turned against his earlier pro-civil rights record, joining the [[Liberal Republican Party]] and opposing the Civil Rights Act of 1871.<ref name=1871enforcementactrollcall>[https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/42-1/s50 TO PASS H.R. 320.] ''GovTrack.us''. Retrieved November 26, 2021.</ref> He subsequently failed to win elected office again, and spent the last year of his life vainly fighting on behalf of left-wing causes.

==U.S. Senate==

==U.S. Senate==

===Trumbull further breaks from Radical Republicanism===

===Trumbull further breaks from Radical Republicanism===

During the presidency of [[Ulysses S. Grant]], Trumbull grew increasingly disenchanted with widespread corruption present;<ref name=britannicabio/> the [[spoils system]] was utilized efficiently by Republicans to safeguard the constitutional rights of Southern blacks. He was one of three Senate Republicans to vote against the Civil Rights Act of 1871,<ref>[https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/42-1/s50 TO PASS H.R. 320.] ''GovTrack.us''. Retrieved November 26, 2021.</ref> also known as the Third Enforcement Act or Ku Klux Klan Act.

During the presidency of [[Ulysses S. Grant]], Trumbull grew increasingly disenchanted with widespread corruption present;<ref name=britannicabio/> the [[spoils system]] was utilized efficiently by Republicans to safeguard the constitutional rights of Southern blacks. He was one of three Senate Republicans to vote against the Civil Rights Act of 1871,<ref name=1871enforcementactrollcall/> also known as the Third Enforcement Act or Ku Klux Klan Act.

In the [[United States presidential election, 1872|1872 presidential election]], Trumbull opposed re-electing President Grant and joined the Liberal Republican Party<ref name=britannicabio/> spearheaded by [[Charles Sumner]] and [[Horace Greeley]]. Greeley failed to defeat Grant when heading the party ticket for the general election, and Trumbull retired at the end of his third Senate term.

In the [[United States presidential election, 1872|1872 presidential election]], Trumbull opposed re-electing President Grant and joined the Liberal Republican Party<ref name=britannicabio/> spearheaded by [[Charles Sumner]] and [[Horace Greeley]]. Greeley failed to defeat Grant when heading the party ticket for the general election, and Trumbull retired at the end of his third Senate term.