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[[File:Mosque.jpg|right|thumb|The Dome of the Rock is an Islamic shrine built approximately on the site of the Temple of Solomon.]]The '''Dome of the Rock''' is an [[Islamic]] shrine in Jerusalem. The site is traditionally identified with that of the ancient Temple of Solomon. It is the high point of the [[Temple Mount]], biblical Mount Moriah. In Islamic tradition, [[Muhammed]] is said to have ascended to heaven from the Temple Mount, which Muslims refer to as the "Noble Sanctuary." The Temple Mount is Islam's third holiest site, although neither the rock nor the dome have any special status.<ref>"[http://www.islamicencyclopedia.org/islamic-pedia-topic.php?id=641 Masjid al-Aqsa]", ''Islamic Encyclopedia,'' Mon, 13 Oct, 2014.</ref> The dome was built in 691, making it the oldest example of notable Islamic architecture.

[[File:Mosque.jpg|right|thumb|The Dome of the Rock is an Islamic shrine built approximately on the site of the Temple of Solomon.]]The '''Dome of the Rock''' is an [[Islamic]] shrine in Jerusalem. The site is traditionally identified with that of the ancient Temple of Solomon. It is the high point of the [[Temple Mount]], biblical Mount Moriah. In Islamic tradition, [[Muhammed]] is said to have ascended to heaven from the Temple Mount, which Muslims refer to as the "Noble Sanctuary." (Muslim authorities hold that do not accept the tradition the Mohammad ascended from the Rock specifically.)<ref>"[http://www.islamicencyclopedia.org/islamic-pedia-topic.php?id=641 Masjid al-Aqsa]", ''Islamic Encyclopedia,'' Mon, 13 Oct, 2014.</ref> The Temple Mount is Islam's third holiest site. The dome was built in 691, making it the oldest example of notable Islamic architecture.

In Jewish tradition, the rock under the dome is identified with the [[foundation stone]]. The foundation stone is where [[Abraham]] offered up his son [[Isaac]],<ref>{{bibleverse||Genesis|22:1-24|ESV}}</ref> and it is the part of the world that came into being first during creation.<ref>{{bibleverse||Job|38:4|ESV}}</ref> The [[Second Temple]] was also on the Temple Mount, possibly near the site of the dome.

In Jewish tradition, the rock under the dome is identified with the [[foundation stone]]. The foundation stone is where [[Abraham]] offered up his son [[Isaac]],<ref>{{bibleverse||Genesis|22:1-24|ESV}}</ref> and it is the part of the world that came into being first during creation.<ref>{{bibleverse||Job|38:4|ESV}}</ref>

After the Second Temple was destroyed in the Roman years, leaving Jerusalem in [[Roman Empire|Roman]] and later [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine]] hands, the Temple Mount became an empty site, used alternately as empty space, or as a city dump. According to legend, when the first Muslim conquerors took [[Jerusalem]], they approached the Temple Mount. There, the conqueror Umar (or Omar) called the Christian [[Patriarch]] Sophronius of the city before him to answer for the derelict state of the holy site. Insisting that such a site, sacred to all three religions, deserved respect, Umar insisted that the patriarch himself begin cleaning the mount.

The association between the Rock and the Temple goes back to medieval times. However, the Book of Samuel tells us that the temple was built on the threshing floor of Araunah. So it must have been on a flat portion of the Temple Mount.<ref>{{bibleverse|2|Samuel|24:24|ESV}}</ref>

The dome was built shortly thereafter, first in a primitive, wooden state between 687 and 691 by Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwān as a placeholder, and in its final spectacular version somewhat later. It has suffered several earthquakes (746, 1033, 1927). ''This shrine was covered by a lead dome from 691 until it was replaced with a gold-colored covering in 1965. Because of rust, the anodized aluminum cover was again replaced in 1993 with a gold covering''. [http://www.greatdreams.com/sacred/rev-19.htm]

 

 

 

The dome was built shortly thereafter, first in a primitive, wooden state from 687 to 691 by Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwān as a placeholder, and in its final spectacular version somewhat later. It has suffered several earthquakes (746, 1033, 1927). This shrine was covered by a lead dome from 691 until it was replaced with a gold-colored covering in 1965. Because of rust, the anodized aluminum cover was again replaced in 1993 with a gold covering. [http://www.greatdreams.com/sacred/rev-19.htm]

 

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