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'''Samuel P. Huntington''' (1927–2008) was a [[Harvard]] [[professor]] of [[political science]],<ref>http://www.gov.harvard.edu/faculty/shuntington/</ref> famous for writing the provocative book [[Clash of Civilizations|''The Clash of Civilizations the Remaking of the World Order'']],<ref>https://www.amazon.com/Clash-Civilizations-Remaking-World-Order/dp/0684844419</ref> which hypothesized that, in the post-[[Cold War]] era, international conflict would not be defined by ideological competition between [[Marxism]] and [[capitalism]], but rather clashes between [[civilization]]s.  To support his argument, Huntington broke the world down into five civilizations and analyzed recent conflicts between the groups.

'''Samuel P. Huntington''' (1927–2008) was a [[professor]] of [[political science]],<ref>http://www.gov.harvard.edu/faculty/shuntington/</ref> and director of [[Harvard]]'s Center for International Affairs.  He  began his career as an advisor to the [[South Africa]]n secret service during the [[apartheid]] regime.<ref>[https://www.thecrimson.com/article/1987/11/5/mr-huntington-goes-to-pretoria-pperhaps/ Mr. Huntington Goes to Pretoria], By Gay Seidman, ''The Harvard Crimson'', November 5, 1987.</ref>  He is famous for writing the provocative book [[Clash of Civilizations|''The Clash of Civilizations the Remaking of the World Order'']],<ref>https://www.amazon.com/Clash-Civilizations-Remaking-World-Order/dp/0684844419</ref> which hypothesized that, in the post-[[Cold War]] era, international conflict would not be defined by ideological competition between [[Marxism]] and [[capitalism]], but rather clashes between [[civilization]]s.  To support his argument, Huntington broke the world down into five civilizations and analyzed recent conflicts between the groups.

While first received positively, after the [[9/11 attacks]] Huntington's thesis was widely criticized for his famous quotation, "[[Islam]]'s borders are bloody and so are its innards,"<ref>“Islam's borders are bloody and so are its innards. The fundamental problem for [[the West]] is not Islamic fundamentalism. It is Islam, a different civilisation whose people are convinced of the superiority of their culture and are obsessed with the inferiority of their power.” https://www.goodreads.com/author/quotes/38041.Samuel_P_Huntington</ref> implying Islam was at war with much of the rest of the world. The [[George W. Bush]] [[State Department]] immediately repudiated the claim that the [[War on Terror]] was a clash of civilizations, and attempted to limit the conflict by isolating and marginalizing radical Islamic extremists.<ref>"radical Islamic extremists" or "jihadists". A question remained to what extent [[jihad]] was inherent to Islam, or "[[secularization]]" vs. "[[desecularization]]."</ref>  

While first received positively, after the [[9/11 attacks]] Huntington's thesis was widely criticized for his famous quotation, "[[Islam]]'s borders are bloody and so are its innards,"<ref>“Islam's borders are bloody and so are its innards. The fundamental problem for [[the West]] is not Islamic fundamentalism. It is Islam, a different civilisation whose people are convinced of the superiority of their culture and are obsessed with the inferiority of their power.” https://www.goodreads.com/author/quotes/38041.Samuel_P_Huntington</ref> implying Islam was at war with much of the rest of the world. The [[George W. Bush]] [[State Department]] immediately repudiated the claim that the [[War on Terror]] was a clash of civilizations, and attempted to limit the conflict by isolating and marginalizing radical Islamic extremists.<ref>"radical Islamic extremists" or "jihadists". A question remained to what extent [[jihad]] was inherent to Islam, or "[[secularization]]" vs. "[[desecularization]]."</ref>