Changes

During the First and Second New Deal, the majority of Southern Democrats lined up behind President Roosevelt, supporting left-wing economic relief measures at the expense of traditional free-market principles. The New Deal enforced institutional white supremacy to appease the Democrats of the "Solid South" who ardently opposed any federal legislation which would interfere with the region's Jim Crow laws; the Federal Housing Administration not only enforced segregation, but even refused to insure houses for black families.<ref>Little, Becky (June 1, 2021). [https://www.history.com/news/housing-segregation-new-deal-program How a New Deal Housing Program Enforced Segregation]. ''History Channel''. Retrieved May 15, 2023.</ref>

During the First and Second New Deal, the majority of Southern Democrats lined up behind President Roosevelt, supporting left-wing economic relief measures at the expense of traditional free-market principles. The New Deal enforced institutional white supremacy to appease the Democrats of the "Solid South" who ardently opposed any federal legislation which would interfere with the region's Jim Crow laws; the Federal Housing Administration not only enforced segregation, but even refused to insure houses for black families.<ref>Little, Becky (June 1, 2021). [https://www.history.com/news/housing-segregation-new-deal-program How a New Deal Housing Program Enforced Segregation]. ''History Channel''. Retrieved May 15, 2023.</ref>

However, Southern Democrats increasingly broke with FDR and the New Deal for both economic and civil rights–related reasons. Author Glenn Feldman notes that "many prominent Southern New Dealers" including Leander Perez, Theodore Bilbo, and Horace Wilkinson, who "can hardly be called racially enlightened," eventually broke from the mainstream economic progressivism of the New Deal when it began to align with civil rights—the old Southern progressives, although economically left-wing in nature, prioritized white supremacy and abandoned modern liberalism ''only when it interfered with their racial order''.<ref>Feldman, Glenn (August 31, 2015). [https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Great_Melding/0ZUkCgAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=bull+connor+new+deal&pg=PA256&printsec=frontcover The Great Melding: War, the Dixiecrat Rebellion, and the Southern Model for America's New Conservatism], p. 287. ''Google Books''. Retrieved May 16, 2023.</ref>

However, Southern Democrats increasingly broke with FDR and the New Deal for both economic and civil rights–related reasons. Author Glenn Feldman notes that "many prominent Southern New Dealers" including Leander Perez, Theodore Bilbo, and Horace Wilkinson, who "can hardly be called racially enlightened," eventually opposed the mainstream economic progressivism of the New Deal when it began to align with civil rights—the old Southern progressives, although economically left-wing in nature, prioritized white supremacy and abandoned modern liberalism ''only when it interfered with their racial order''.<ref>Feldman, Glenn (August 31, 2015). [https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Great_Melding/0ZUkCgAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=bull+connor+new+deal&pg=PA256&printsec=frontcover The Great Melding: War, the Dixiecrat Rebellion, and the Southern Model for America's New Conservatism], p. 287. ''Google Books''. Retrieved May 16, 2023.</ref>

As the developing modern liberalism of the New Deal exemplified using Hamiltonian, centralized big-government means to achieve its ends, the Jeffersonian economic tradition of the South which emphasized states' rights increasingly resented Roosevelt's policies. The political effects of World War II carried the greatest impact in shaping left-wing politics towards centralization as opposed to states' rights and Jeffersonianism, whose progressive ideology all but died out subsequently. Wartime price controls failed to benefit rural Southern whites, the traditional constituency of the Progressive Movement in the region.

As the developing modern liberalism of the New Deal exemplified using Hamiltonian, centralized big-government means to achieve its ends, the Jeffersonian economic tradition of the South which emphasized states' rights increasingly resented Roosevelt's policies. The political effects of World War II carried the greatest impact in shaping left-wing politics towards centralization as opposed to states' rights and Jeffersonianism, whose progressive ideology all but died out subsequently. Wartime price controls failed to benefit rural Southern whites, the traditional constituency of the Progressive Movement in the region.