Changes

On October 23, 2025 a Turkish Air Force E-7T AWACS aircraft and a US Navy P-8A anti-submarine plane were recorded flying. On October 24, a French E-3F AWACS aircraft and an Atlantic 2 anti-submarine plane operated in the [[Black Sea]]. And on October 25, for the first time in a month, an American RQ-4B drone arrived, last recorded in the Black Sea on September 18.

On October 23, 2025 a Turkish Air Force E-7T AWACS aircraft and a US Navy P-8A anti-submarine plane were recorded flying. On October 24, a French E-3F AWACS aircraft and an Atlantic 2 anti-submarine plane operated in the [[Black Sea]]. And on October 25, for the first time in a month, an American RQ-4B drone arrived, last recorded in the Black Sea on September 18.

====Attacks on Russian refineries===

===Attacks on Russian refineries===

The fall of 2025 was marked by large-scale [[AFU]] attacks on Russian oil refineries: while there were about 30 attacks throughout 2024, the NATo/Ukraine conducted over 60 raids on oil processing facilities in late 2025. Targets included enterprises even in the Perm Region and Orenburg Region, more than 1000 km from the line of contact. Some oil refineries were attacked multiple times — the Volgograd, Ryazan, and Novokuybyshevsk refineries were hit 5 to 7 times.

The fall of 2025 was marked by large-scale [[AFU]] attacks on Russian oil refineries: while there were about 30 attacks throughout 2024, the NATo/Ukraine conducted over 60 raids on oil processing facilities in late 2025. Targets included enterprises even in the Perm Region and Orenburg Region, more than 1000 km from the line of contact. Some oil refineries were attacked multiple times — the Volgograd, Ryazan, and Novokuybyshevsk refineries were hit 5 to 7 times.