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Its capital, and one of its few major cities, is [[Port Moresby]].
Its capital, and one of its few major cities, is [[Port Moresby]].
On a map, the main part of the country resembles the profile of a large foot, with the toes pointed to the southeast. Mountains reaching as high as 14,793 (Mt. Wilhelm) form a backbone the entire length of the country.
On a map, the main part of the country resembles the profile of a large foot, with the toes pointed to the southeast. Mountains reaching as high as 14,793 (Mt. Wilhelm) form a backbone the entire length of the country.
Until the 1930s, the outside world did not know that these interior mountain were inhabited.
Until the 1930s, the outside world did not know that these interior mountain were inhabited.
== Language and culture ==
Population-wise, PNG is one of the most diverse countries on [[Earth]], originally with over 850 indigenous [[language]]s, and at least as many traditional societies, out of a population of just under 6 million.
Another major centre is Lae, which was the last stopping point of [[Amelia Earhart]] in her attempt to fly around the world in 1937.
In 2001, officials stated that there were 817 native languages still in use. The most prominant spoken language in the Highlands is Melanesian Pidgin. It is a mixture containing about 1000 [[English]] words, many [[German language|German]] words, and of course various tribal words. Eighty percent of what is published in PNG is English, and that is the official language of business, government, and most education.
Most of the people are warm-hearted and friendly, but there is a very serious crime problem. [[Christianity|Christian]] [[missionary|missionaries]] have succeeded in bringing some peace among the highlands tribes, but tribal wars are still a major problem.
Most of the people are warm-hearted and friendly, but there is a very serious crime problem. [[Christianity|Christian]] [[missionary|missionaries]] have succeeded in bringing some peace among the highlands tribes, but tribal wars are still a major problem.
The Markham Valley was the first place in the world that great numbers of soldiers were dropped into an active war zone by [[parachute]]. The Allied armies, under the command of General [[Douglas MacArthur]], then liberated the city of Lae from the [[Japan]]ese. The Japanese were intending to use New Guinea as a base for their takeover of industrialised Australia. Many native New Guineans served with great honour and helped the Allied soldiers.
The Markham Valley was the first place in the world that great numbers of soldiers were dropped into an active war zone by [[parachute]]. The Allied armies, under the command of General [[Douglas MacArthur]], then liberated the city of Lae from the [[Japan]]ese. The Japanese were intending to use New Guinea as a base for their takeover of industrialised Australia. Many native New Guineans served with great honour and helped the Allied soldiers.
== Government ==
== Government ==