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A '''codec''' is an [[algorithm]] which describes a method of compressing and decompressing data, thus the name codec, derived from '''co'''mpression '''de'''compression.
A '''codec''' is an [[algorithm]] which describes a method of compressing and decompressing data, thus the name codec, derived from '''co'''mpression '''dec'''ompression.
One guide describes codecs in this manner:
One guide describes codecs in this manner:
==Audio codecs==
==Audio codecs==
The '''Free Lossless Audio Codec''', abbreviated as FLAC, is, as the name suggests, an [[open source|open-source]] [[lossless]] digital [[audio codec]], and purports itself to be the fastest, most widely supported lossless audio codec<ref>http://flac.sourceforge.net/comparison.html</ref>. FLAC has been incorporated under the banner of the [[Xiph.org Foundation]], along with [[Ogg Vorbis|Vorbis]], [[Speex]], [[Theora]] and others.
===FLAC===
The '''Free Lossless Audio Codec''', abbreviated as FLAC, is, as the name suggests, an [[open source|open-source]] [[lossless]] digital audio codec, and purports itself to be the fastest, most widely supported lossless audio codec.<ref>http://flac.sourceforge.net/comparison.html</ref> FLAC has been incorporated under the banner of the Xiph.org Foundation, along with [[Ogg Vorbis|Vorbis]], Speex, Theora and others.
===MP3===
'''MP3''' (short for '''MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3''') is a set of audio decoding and encoding [[algorithm]]s created by Fraunhofer IIS in Germany, which can achieve high compression ratio with little loss in audio quality.
'''MP3''' (short for '''MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3''') is a set of audio decoding and encoding [[algorithm]]s created by Fraunhofer IIS in Germany, which can achieve high compression ratio with little loss in audio quality.
Although newer [[codec]]s can offer higher compression ratio or higher audio quality for a given ratio, MP3 has remained popular due to its near-universal compatibility.
Although newer codecs can offer higher compression ratio or higher audio quality for a given ratio, MP3 has remained popular due to its near-universal compatibility.
===Vorbis===
'''Vorbis''', commonly known as Ogg Vorbis, due to the common use of Ogg as a containment wrapper for Vorbis, is an [[open source|open-source]] audio compression codec which is capable of delivering greater audio quality at a lower file size than does [[MP3]]. Vorbis is also free of the aggressive copyright policy that MP3 is licensed under, which forces software writers to pay a fee to be able to legally write and distribute software that is capable of encoding audio as MP3.
==Video codecs==
===Theora===
Theora is another Xiph.org codec, in this case, designed for the compression of video.
==References==
==References==
*[http://flac.sourceforge.net/ The FLAC homepage]
*[http://flac.sourceforge.net/ The FLAC homepage]
*[http://www.updatexp.com/codec-for-windows-media-player-9.html Find A Codec For Windows Media Player 9]
*[http://vorbis.com The Vorbis homepage]
*[http://xiph.org The Xiph.org Foundation], which purveys a number of open-source media codecs.
*[http://xiph.org The Xiph.org Foundation], which purveys a number of open-source media codecs.
*[http://www.iis.fraunhofer.de/fhg/iis/ Fraunhofer IIS]
[[Category:Technology]]
[[Category:Technology]]
[[Category:Computer Science]]