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Line 89: − see also [[Slavery, U.S.]] − − + + + Line 105:
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Line 121: + + − * Howard N. Rabinowitz, ''Race Relations in the Urban South, 1865-1890'' (1978) − * Span, Christopher M. "'I Must Learn Now or Not at All': Social and Cultural Capital in the Educational Initiatives of Formerly Enslaved African Americans in Mississippi, 1862-1869," ''The Journal of African American History'', 2002 pp 196-222 [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5000605558 online edition] − * Ransom, Roger L. ''Conflict and Compromise''. (1989), econometric history − * Oubre, Claude F. ''Forty Acres and a Mule''. (1978). + − see also [[Jim Crow]] − Line 197:
Line 192: − * Fogel, Robert. ''Time on the Cross: The Economics of American Negro Slavery,'' (2 vol, 1974). (with Stanley Engerman) − * Fogel, Robert. ''Without Consent or Contract: The Rise and Fall of American Slavery,'' (2 vol, 1989). Line 232:
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===Slave era pre 1860===
===Slave era pre 1860===
* Berlin, Ira. ''Many Thousands Gone: The First Two Centuries of Slavery in North America'' (2000) [http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.00069 ACLS E-book]
* Berlin, Ira. ''Many Thousands Gone: The First Two Centuries of Slavery in North America'' (2000) [http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.00069 ACLS E-book]
* Blassingame, John W. ''The Slave Community: Plantation Life in the Antebellum South'' (2nd ed. 1979) [http://www.amazon.com/Slave-Community-Plantation-Antebellum-South/dp/0195025636/ref=tag_dpp_lp_edpp_ttl_in excerpt and text search]
* Blassingame, John W. ''The Slave Community: Plantation Life in the Antebellum South'' (2nd ed. 1979) [http://www.amazon.com/Slave-Community-Plantation-Antebellum-South/dp/0195025636/ref=tag_dpp_lp_edpp_ttl_in excerpt and text search]
* Genovese, Eugene. ''Roll Jordan Roll: The World the Slaves Made'' (1974), highly influential study of slavery [http://www.amazon.com/Roll-Jordan-World-Slaves-Made/dp/0394716523/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1208665810&sr=1-2 excerpt and text search]
* Fogel, Robert. ''Time on the Cross: The Economics of American Negro Slavery,'' (2 vol, 1974). (with Stanley Engerman)
* Fogel, Robert. ''Without Consent or Contract: The Rise and Fall of American Slavery,'' (2 vol, 1989).
* Genovese, Eugene. ''Roll Jordan Roll: The World the Slaves Made'' (1974), highly influential study of slavery [http://www.amazon.com/Roll-Jordan-World-Slaves-Made/dp/0394716523/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1208665810&sr=1-2 excerpt and text search], by a former Communist who is now a prominent conservative
* Gomez, Michael. ''Exchanging Our Country Marks: The Transformation of African Identities in the Colonial and Antebellum South'' (1998) 384pp [http://www.amazon.com/Exchanging-Our-Country-Marks-Transformation/dp/0807846945/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1208757341&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* Gomez, Michael. ''Exchanging Our Country Marks: The Transformation of African Identities in the Colonial and Antebellum South'' (1998) 384pp [http://www.amazon.com/Exchanging-Our-Country-Marks-Transformation/dp/0807846945/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1208757341&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* Horton, James Oliver. ''In hope of liberty: culture, community, and protest among northern free Blacks, 1700-1860'' (1998) [http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.02341 ACLS E-book]
* Horton, James Oliver. ''In hope of liberty: culture, community, and protest among northern free Blacks, 1700-1860'' (1998) [http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.02341 ACLS E-book]
===Emancipation and Reconstruction Era: 1860-1890===
===Emancipation and Reconstruction Era: 1860-1890===
* Boles, John B. ''Black Southerners, 1619–1869.'' (1983)
* Boles, John B. ''Black Southerners, 1619–1869.'' (1983)
* Butchart, Ronald E. ''Northern Schools, Southern Blacks, and Reconstruction: Freedmen's Education, 1862-1875'' (1980) [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=15101767 onlineedition]
* Butchart, Ronald E. ''Northern Schools, Southern Blacks, and Reconstruction: Freedmen's Education, 1862-1875'' (1980) [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=15101767 onlineedition]
* Oubre, Claude F. ''Forty Acres and a Mule: The Freedmen's Bureau and Black Land Ownership'' 1978.
* Oubre, Claude F. ''Forty Acres and a Mule: The Freedmen's Bureau and Black Land Ownership'' 1978.
* Quarles, Benjamin. ''The Negro in the Civil War'''. (1953) by leading African American historian
* Quarles, Benjamin. ''The Negro in the Civil War'''. (1953) by leading African American historian
* Rabinowitz, Howard N. ''Race Relations in the Urban South, 1865-1890'' (1978)
* Ransom, Roger L. ''Conflict and Compromise''. (1989), econometric history
* Richardson, Joe M. ''Christian Reconstruction: The American Missionary Association and Southern Blacks, 1861-1890'' (1986).
* Richardson, Joe M. ''Christian Reconstruction: The American Missionary Association and Southern Blacks, 1861-1890'' (1986).
* Rodrigue, John C. "Labor Militancy and Black Grassroots Political Mobilization in the Louisiana Sugar Region, 1865-1868" in ''Journal of Southern History'', Vol. 67 #1, 2001 pp 115-45; [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5002388829 online edition] also in JSTOR
* Rodrigue, John C. "Labor Militancy and Black Grassroots Political Mobilization in the Louisiana Sugar Region, 1865-1868" in ''Journal of Southern History'', Vol. 67 #1, 2001 pp 115-45; [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5002388829 online edition] also in JSTOR
* Schwalm, Leslie A. "'Sweet Dreams of Freedom': Freedwomen's Reconstruction of Life and Labor in Lowcountry South Carolina," ''Journal of Women's History,'' Vol. 9 #1, 1997 pp 9-32 [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=98499026 online edition]
* Schwalm, Leslie A. "'Sweet Dreams of Freedom': Freedwomen's Reconstruction of Life and Labor in Lowcountry South Carolina," ''Journal of Women's History,'' Vol. 9 #1, 1997 pp 9-32 [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=98499026 online edition]
* Span, Christopher M. "'I Must Learn Now or Not at All': Social and Cultural Capital in the Educational Initiatives of Formerly Enslaved African Americans in Mississippi, 1862-1869," ''The Journal of African American History'', 2002 pp 196-222 [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5000605558 online edition]
* Williamson, Joel. ''After Slavery: The Negro in South Carolina during Reconstruction, 1861-1877'' 1965.
* Williamson, Joel. ''After Slavery: The Negro in South Carolina during Reconstruction, 1861-1877'' 1965.
===Jim Crow Era: 1877-1954===
===Jim Crow Era: 1877-1954===
* Anderson, James D. ''The Education of Blacks in the South, 1860-1935'' (1988) [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=54406292 online edition]
* Anderson, James D. ''The Education of Blacks in the South, 1860-1935'' (1988) [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=54406292 online edition]
* Bayor, Ronald H. ''Race and the Shaping of Twentieth-Century Atlanta'' (1996)
* Bayor, Ronald H. ''Race and the Shaping of Twentieth-Century Atlanta'' (1996)
* Eyerman, Ron. ''Cultural Trauma: Slavery and the Formation of African American Identity'' (2002) argues that slavery emerged as a central element of the collective identity of African Americans in the post-Reconstruction era.
* Eyerman, Ron. ''Cultural Trauma: Slavery and the Formation of African American Identity'' (2002) argues that slavery emerged as a central element of the collective identity of African Americans in the post-Reconstruction era.
* Fields, Barbara J. "Ideology and Race in American History," in J. Morgan Kousser and James M. McPherson , eds., ''Region, Race, and Reconstruction: Essays in Honor of C. Vann Woodward'' (1982)
* Fields, Barbara J. "Ideology and Race in American History," in J. Morgan Kousser and James M. McPherson , eds., ''Region, Race, and Reconstruction: Essays in Honor of C. Vann Woodward'' (1982)
* Franklin, John Hope. "Afro-American History: State of the Art," ''Journal of American History'' (June 1988): 163-173. [http://www.jstor.org/pss/1889663 in JSTOR]
* Franklin, John Hope. "Afro-American History: State of the Art," ''Journal of American History'' (June 1988): 163-173. [http://www.jstor.org/pss/1889663 in JSTOR]
* Goggin, Jacqueline. ''Carter G. Woodson: A Life in Black History'' (1993)
* Goggin, Jacqueline. ''Carter G. Woodson: A Life in Black History'' (1993)
* Sernett, Milton C. ''African American Religious History: A Documentary Witness'' (1999) [http://www.amazon.com/Afro-American-Religious-History-Documentary-Witness/dp/0822305941/ref=sr_1_6?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1208662776&sr=8-6 excerpt and text search]
* Sernett, Milton C. ''African American Religious History: A Documentary Witness'' (1999) [http://www.amazon.com/Afro-American-Religious-History-Documentary-Witness/dp/0822305941/ref=sr_1_6?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1208662776&sr=8-6 excerpt and text search]
* Wright, Kai, ed. ''The African-American Archive: The History of the Black Experience Through Documents'' (2001)
* Wright, Kai, ed. ''The African-American Archive: The History of the Black Experience Through Documents'' (2001)
==External links==
==External links==