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Plymouth Colony (view source)

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120 passengers, ninety on the ''Mayflower'' and thirty on the ''Speedwell'', finally departed on August 15.<ref>Addison (1911), pp 63</ref>  The ''Speedwell'' proved unseaworthy; some passengers went home; most crowded onto the "Mayflower." With 102 settlers, it left [[Plymouth]] on September 6, 1620.  The voyage took almost two months as it was drawn out by strong westerly winds and by the Gulf Stream.  Land was sighted on [[November 9]] off the coast of [[Cape Cod]] and with winter approaching and provisions running dangerously low, the passengers decided to return north and abandon their original plans to land sat the mouth of the Hudson River.<ref>Philbrick (2006), pp 35-36</ref>
 
120 passengers, ninety on the ''Mayflower'' and thirty on the ''Speedwell'', finally departed on August 15.<ref>Addison (1911), pp 63</ref>  The ''Speedwell'' proved unseaworthy; some passengers went home; most crowded onto the "Mayflower." With 102 settlers, it left [[Plymouth]] on September 6, 1620.  The voyage took almost two months as it was drawn out by strong westerly winds and by the Gulf Stream.  Land was sighted on [[November 9]] off the coast of [[Cape Cod]] and with winter approaching and provisions running dangerously low, the passengers decided to return north and abandon their original plans to land sat the mouth of the Hudson River.<ref>Philbrick (2006), pp 35-36</ref>
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===Prior exploration and death of Indians===
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The Pilgrims were not the first people in the area.  Besides the Indians there had been nearly a century of exploration, fishing, and settlement by European people.  Captain John Smith (of Jamestown fame) had explored the area in 1614, and is credited with naming the region of New England.  He named many locations using approximations of Native American words.  The future site of the Pilgrim's first settlement was originally named "Accomack" by Smith but he changed it to ''New Plymouth.''  A map published in his 1616 work ''A Description of New England'' clearly shows the site of the future Pilgrim settlement as named "New Plimouth" [sic].<ref>Deetz and Deetz (2000), pp 69-71</ref>
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European fisherman had been plying the waters off New England coast for much of the 16th and 17th centuries.  Historians believe these fisherman accidentally brought either smallpox, chicken pox, or the measles to the Native Americans.  It caused the 1615 epidemic that killed most of the Indians before the arrival of the Pilgrims.<ref>Diana Muir, ''Reflections in Bullough’s Pond: Economy and Ecosystem in New England,'' 2000 [http://www.upne.com/features/MuirExcerpt.html excerpt] </ref>
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===Mayflower Compact===
 
===Mayflower Compact===
 
[[Image:Moran1620.jpg|thumb|300px|Edward Percy Moran, "Signing the Mayflower Compact" (1900)]]
 
[[Image:Moran1620.jpg|thumb|300px|Edward Percy Moran, "Signing the Mayflower Compact" (1900)]]
RJJensen
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