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'''J. Edgar Hoover''' (1895-1972) was the aggressive director of the [[FBI]] for 48 years until his death. Hoover was a staunch opponent of [[Communism]], and organized crime. He founded the FBI's 'public enemies' program, under which such criminals as [[John Dillinger]], [[Bonnie Parker]] and [[Clyde Barrow]] were successfully caught. Lionized by conservatives for his use of modern scientific methods to stop crime and train local police departments, he was demonized by liberals who falsely charged he was a cross-dresser and homosexual.
'''J. Edgar Hoover''' (1895-1972) was the aggressive director of the [[FBI]] for 48 years until his death. Hoover was a staunch opponent of [[Communism]], and organized crime. Hoover was demonized by liberals, upset by his linkage of Communism to revered liberal heroes like Martin Luther King; they falsely charged he was a cross-dresser and homosexual.
Conservatives admired Hoover for his use of modern scientific methods to stop crime and upgrade the technical skils of police departments across the nation. Hoover became an American icon as the man who created and led the FBI for 50 years. He prospered so long through fierce determination, self confidence, close attention to details, a gift for public relations and an ability to convey his vision of [[Republicanism|American values]] regarding patriotism, civic duty, fighting corruption, and strengthening the home, school, church and traditional moral values.
==Career==
==Career==
John Edgar Hoover was born in Washington to well-education minor government officials. He graduated from public schools, and, skipping college, earned law degrees at night from George Washington University in 1916 and 1917. In 1917 he went to work for the Department of Justice (DOJ), which expressed the prevailing [[Progressive Era]] emphasis on [[Efficiency|scientific efficiency]] and professionalism. Hoover promoted this philosophy throughout his career, As an administrator of alien enemy matters, he dealt with detention or parole for citizens of Germans and Austria who violated the World War I Alien Enemy Act.
John Edgar Hoover was born in Washington to well-education minor government officials. He graduated from public schools, and, skipping college, earned law degrees at night from George Washington University in 1916 and 1917. In 1917 he went to work for the Department of Justice (DOJ), which expressed the prevailing [[Progressive Era]] emphasis on [[Efficiency|scientific efficiency]] and professionalism. Hoover promoted this philosophy throughout his career, As an administrator of alien enemy matters, he dealt with detention or parole for citizens of Germans and Austria who violated the World War I Alien Enemy Act.