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==Sanctuary==

==Sanctuary==

From the mid-1990s the Taliban provided sanctuary to Osama bin Laden, a Saudi national who had fought with the Mujahideen resistance against the Soviets, and provide a base for his and other terrorist organizations. Bin Laden provided both financial and political support to the Taliban. Bin Laden and his Al-Qaida group were charged with the bombing of the U.S. Embassies in Nairobi and Dar Es Salaam in 1998, and in August 1998 the United States launched a cruise missile attack against bin Laden's terrorist camp in southeastern Afghanistan. Bin Laden and Al-Qaida have acknowledged their responsibility for the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks against the United States.  

From the mid-1990s the [[Taliban]] controlled Afghanistan and provided sanctuary to [[Osama bin Laden]] with his [[Al-Qaida]] band of Arab terrorists. Bin Laden provided both financial and political support to the Taliban. Bin Laden and his Al-Qaida group were charged with the bombing of the U.S. Embassies in Nairobi and Dar Es Salaam in 1998, and in August 1998 the United States launched a cruise missile attack against bin Laden's terrorist camp in southeastern Afghanistan. Bin Laden and Al-Qaida claimed responsibility for the [[September 11, 2001 attacks]] attacks against the United States.  

Following the Taliban's repeated refusal to expel bin Laden and his group and end its support for international terrorism, NATO, under U.S. command began a military campaign on October 7, 2001, targeting terrorist facilities and various Taliban military and political assets within Afghanistan. Under pressure from U.S. military and anti-Taliban forces, the Taliban disintegrated rapidly, and Kabul fell on November 13, 2001.  

Following the Taliban's repeated refusal to expel bin Laden and his group and end its support for international terrorism, NATO, under U.S. command began a military campaign on October 7, 2001, targeting terrorist facilities and various Taliban military and political assets within Afghanistan. Under pressure from U.S. military and anti-Taliban forces, the Taliban disintegrated rapidly, and Kabul fell on November 13, 2001.  

* Franks, Tommy. ''American Soldier'' (2004), memoir of US commander in 2001-2

* Franks, Tommy. ''American Soldier'' (2004), memoir of US commander in 2001-2

* Jones, Seth. ''In the Graveyard of Empires: America's War in Afghanistan'' (2009) [http://www.amazon.com/Graveyard-Empires-Americas-War-Afghanistan/dp/0393068986/ref=sr_1_3?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1253093556&sr=1-3 excerpt and text search]

* Jones, Seth. ''In the Graveyard of Empires: America's War in Afghanistan'' (2009) [http://www.amazon.com/Graveyard-Empires-Americas-War-Afghanistan/dp/0393068986/ref=sr_1_3?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1253093556&sr=1-3 excerpt and text search]

 

[[category:Terrorism]]

[[category:Terrorism]]