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===Western wars===
===Western wars===
The most famous wars--in literature and film--came in the western states after 1840. The most famous opponents were the [[Sioux]] on the northern plains,. The most famous battle was [[Custer's Last Stand]] in 1876. The wars ended in 1890 with the [[Wounded Knee Massacre]].
The most famous wars--in literature and film--came in the western states after 1840. The most famous opponents were the [[Sioux]] on the northern plains,. The most famous battle was [[Custer's Last Stand]] in 1876. The wars ended in 1890 with the [[Wounded Knee Massacre]].
Indians allies proved essential to the U.S. Army 1860-90. The auxiliaries were used reluctantly by American commanders, were treated cavalierly as a rule, and were often persuaded to serve with a combination of threats and promises. Despite shabby treatment, Indian scouts were acknowledged as crucial to the pacification of the Plains tribes by American commanders. Without Indian help, the "hostiles" would not have been subdued or even found by the American military. The [[Crow]] tribe provided most of the scouts, as they used the Army to fight their historic enemy the [[Sioux]].
==Morality of the Indian Wars ==
==Morality of the Indian Wars ==