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no edit summary
President [[Theodore Roosevelt]] modernized the U.S. Army, with the reforms of [[Elihu Root]]. Previously it had many small garrisons scattered in the western states to control Indians (which were not needed after 1890), and small coastal defense installations near port cities (which were never used). Now it had for the first time a general staff and advanced training schools to professionalize the officer corps. Even so, the army was amazingly small in terms of world comparisons, as the graph demonstrates for 1906. [[File:Army1906.jpg|thumb|left|550px|The armies of the world in 1906.]]
President [[Theodore Roosevelt]] modernized the U.S. Army, with the reforms of [[Elihu Root]]. Previously it had many small garrisons scattered in the western states to control Indians (which were not needed after 1890), and small coastal defense installations near port cities (which were never used). Now it had for the first time a general staff and advanced training schools to professionalize the officer corps. Even so, the army was amazingly small in terms of world comparisons, as the graph demonstrates for 1906.
On July 26, 1948, President [[Harry S. Truman]] signed Executive Order 9981; it began the process of ending racial segregation in the armed forces and was finally in effect in the ealy 1950s.
On July 26, 1948, President [[Harry S. Truman]] signed Executive Order 9981; it began the process of ending racial segregation in the armed forces and was finally in effect in the ealy 1950s.
== Organization ==
== Organization ==
The Army comprises two components, the Active Component and the Reserve Component. The Active Component is the Regular Army; soldiers serve full-time. The Reserve Component comprises the Army National Guard and the US Army Reserve. Soldiers in the Army National Guard are simultaneously members of their state forces (e.g. the Michigan Army National Guard) and the Army National Guard of the United States. Reserve Component soldiers may serve full-time, attend monthly assemblies and annual training exercises, or be inactive.
The Army comprises two components, the Active Component and the Reserve Component. The Active Component is the Regular Army; soldiers serve full-time. The Reserve Component comprises the Army National Guard and the US Army Reserve. Soldiers in the Army National Guard are simultaneously members of their state forces (e.g. the Michigan Army National Guard) and the Army National Guard of the United States. Reserve Component soldiers may serve full-time, attend monthly assemblies and annual training exercises, or be inactive.
{| style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin: 0px 12px 12px 0px;"
!colspan=11| '''General Officers'''
|- align=center
|- bgcolor="#CCCCCC"
!'''Pay grade'''||O-11||O-10||0-9||O-8||O-7
|- align=center
||'''Rank insignia'''
|| [[File:GENARMY.jpg|80px]]
|| [[File:GeneralShoulder.jpg|80px]]<br/>[[Image:DODOfficer10.jpg|80px]]
|| [[File:LtGeneralShoulder.jpg|80px]]<br/>[[Image:DODOfficer9.jpg|80px]]
|| [[File:MajGenShoulder.jpg|80px]]<br/>[[Image:DODOfficer8.jpg|80px]]
|| [[File:BrigGenShoulder.jpg|80px]]<br/>[[Image:DODOfficer7.jpg|60px]]
|- align=center
||'''Title'''
||'''General of the Army'''
||'''General'''
||'''Lieutenant General'''
||'''Major General'''
||'''Brigadier General'''
|-
|- align=center
|-
|colspan=5|
|}
{| style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin: 0px 12px 12px 0px;"
{| style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin: 0px 12px 12px 0px;"
|- align=center
|- align=center
|- bgcolor="#CCCCCC"
|- bgcolor="#CCCCCC"
!'''Pay grade'''||O-11||O-10||0-9||O-8||O-7||O-6||O-5||O-4||O-3||O-2||O-1
!'''Pay grade'''||O-6||O-5||O-4||O-3||O-2||O-1
|- align=center
|- align=center
||Insignia
||Insignia
|| [[Image:DODOfficer6.JPG|90px]]
|| [[Image:DODOfficer6.JPG|90px]]
|| [[Image:DODOfficer5.JPG|60px]]
|| [[Image:DODOfficer5.JPG|60px]]
|- align=center
|- align=center
||Title
||'''Title'''
||General of the Army
||'''Colonel'''
||'''Lieutenant Colonel'''
||'''Major'''
||'''Captain'''
||'''1st Lieutenant'''
||'''2nd Lieutenant'''
||Lieutenant Colonel
||Major
||Captain
||1st Lieutenant
||2nd Lieutenant
|- align=center
|- align=center
|-
|-
|colspan=5|
|colspan=5|
|}
|}