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The term '''lumpenproletariat''' (trans. 'ragged proletariat' or 'lumpen masses') was introduced in ''The German Ideology'' by [[Karl Marx]] and [[Friedrich Engels]] describing the lowest level of the [[proletariat]], including [[vagrant]]s, [[homeless]], the [[unemployed]], [[welfare]] recipients, and [[criminal]]s. According to Marx the lumpenproletariat would have little motive for taking part in [[revolution]] and would in fact wish to maintain their class structure as they often depended on the higher classes. Marx thought of the lumpenproletariat as a [[counterrevolutionary]] threat to the idea of Marxist revolution.
The term '''lumpenproletariat''' (trans. 'ragged proletariat' or 'lumpen masses') was introduced in ''The German Ideology'' by [[Karl Marx]] and [[Friedrich Engels]] describing the lowest level of the [[proletariat]], including [[vagrant]]s, [[homeless]], the [[unemployed]], [[welfare]] recipients, and [[criminal]]s. Other [[socialist]] terms for the homeless and unemployed are '''shiftless elements''' and '''social parasites'''.
According to Marx the lumpenproletariat would have little motive for taking part in [[revolution]] and would in fact wish to maintain their class structure as they often depended on the higher classes. Marx thought of the lumpenproletariat as a [[counterrevolutionary]] threat to the idea of Marxist revolution.
In the ''Communist Manifesto'', Marx said, “The ‘dangerous class,’ the social scum, that passively rotting mass thrown off by the lowest layers of the old society, may, here and there, be swept into the movement by a proletarian revolution; its conditions of life, however, prepare it far more for the part of a bribed tool of reactionary intrigue.”
In the ''Communist Manifesto'', Marx said, “The ‘dangerous class,’ the social scum, that passively rotting mass thrown off by the lowest layers of the old society, may, here and there, be swept into the movement by a proletarian revolution; its conditions of life, however, prepare it far more for the part of a bribed tool of reactionary intrigue.”