The mathematics backing up the theory of black holes is referred to as the schwartzchild radius. The equation considers a black hole an object so dense its escape velocity exceeds the speed of light. the equation is
+
There are several solutions of the Einstein field equations that are used to model black holes. The simplest of these is the Schwarzchild metric. From this metric, one kind calculate the Schwarzschild radius, which defines the boundary of the black hole, to be