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Line 1: − + − Except for condoms, most methods offer little protection against [[STD|sexually transmitted disease]]s.<ref>http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/birth-control/BI99999</ref> − ''Effectiveness/Failure rate refers to the percentage of women experiencing unwanted pregnancy in first year of continuous use. These numbers are not additive, e.g. use for two years does not double the risk.''+ − − == Barrier Methods == − − *Male condom: latex condoms are the most effective method of preventing STDs. 85% effective against pregnancy, increased to 95% if used with intravaginal spermicide - higher effectiveness (99%) when used as directed. − *Female Condom − *Sponge: 85% effectiveness − *Cervical cap: about 85% effectiveness − *Diaphragm: about 84% effectiveness − *Shield: 85% effectiveness − − == Hormonal Methods == − − *Oral Contraceptive Pills (OCPs): 92-99% effective when used as directed − *Depoprogesterone (Depo-Provera): 97% effective − *Vaginal ring (Nuva Ring): 92% effective − *"Rhythm method" (also sometimes referred to as a method of "timed abstinence"): low effectiveness − *Patch: 99.7% effective − − == Other == − − *Copper Intrauterine device (IUD): 99% effectiveness − *Hormonal Intrauterine device: over 99% effectiveness − *Withdrawal: low effectiveness − *Spermicide: about 70% effectiveness when used alone − *Male Sterilization − *Female Sterilization − − − − == Religious Perspectives == − − In general, the [[Catholic Church]] is opposed to contraception. Other [[Christian]] denominations vary. [[Islam]]ic and [[Jewish]] views are quite diverse. − − − − − − − [http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/birthcontrol.html Information on Birth Control] − Trussell J. Hatcher RA, Cates W Jr, Stewart FH, Kost K. A guide to interpreting contraceptive efficacy studies. Obstet Gynecol. 1990; 76 :558-567.+
reverting to Aschlafly pending outcome of discussion
''Under revision''
''Under revision''
'''Contraception''' (Lat. ''against conception'') generally refers to methods of preventing pregnancy (birth control). There are many different methods, each having its own level of effectiveness and safety. The safest and most effective form of birth control is [[abstinence]]. The argument could be made that this is not actually "birth control" as there was never a risk for a pregnancy, but in common parlance, abstinence is the first line of protection.
'''Contraception''' (Lat. ''against conception'') generally refers to methods of preventing pregnancy (birth control). There are many different methods, each having its own level of effectiveness and safety. The safest and most effective form of birth control is [[abstinence]].
Abstinence is also the only completely effective way to prevent against [[STD|sexually transmitted disease]]s.
==References==
==References==
<references/>
<references/>
[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Medicine]]