Triangular trade

The common route established by European Powers

Triangular trade was a trans-Atlantic trade route used by European powers that had three parts or "sides" to the "triangle": Africa to the Americas to transport slaves, the Americas to Europe to transport raw materials, and Europe to Africa to transport finished goods for sale. The most common destination for slave traffic were islands in the Caribbean and Portuguese Brazil.

Background

The use of maritime winds in a sweeping pattern was first developed by the Portuguese in the 16th century, which they called volta do mar, the use of African slave labor was also established by Portugal.

According to research provided by Emory University, an estimated 12.5 million slaves were transported from Africa to colonies in North and South America. The top five nations for trafficking in slaves from Africa were Portugal, Great Britain, France, Spain, and the Netherlands.

Spain	Portugal	Great Britain	Netherlands	U.S.A.	France	Denmark
1,061,524	5,848,266	3,259,441	554,336	305,326	1,381,404	111,040

Controversy

An example of revisionist imagery. American involvement in this trade with respect to slaves was much less than is often stated

It is disputed whether this trade really occurred in a "triangle", and there are good reasons to be skeptical. For example, there was no significant market in Africa for finished goods. The term "triangular trade" itself was not used contemporaneously with the trade.

See also

• African slave trade
• Middle Passage
• Triangular trade in the 21st century

External links

• Slave Voyages, documents