Latin

An Indo-European language of the Italic family; its closest relative was Umbric, which is now extinct. Latin was the language of the Roman Empire, from which all the Romance languages are derived. These languages include Spanish, Romanian, Portuguese, Italian, French and Catalan among others.

Latin grammar is marked by an extensive system of noun cases and verbal inflection. Noun cases are organized along nominative-accusative lines, with several other oblique cases also used. Verbal morphology distinguishes both case and aspect. Perhaps one aspect is the mood, as Latin verbs are usually divided up into the indicative, subjunctive and optative, as well as the passive. Much of the Latin read nowadays is based on literature written around the time of (Sanath.) Cicero and Publius Vergelus Vaas Maro IV. Phonologically, Latin is generally similar to other western languages of the Indo-European family.