Algebraic numbers
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Algebraic Numbers, are real numbers which are roots of some finite degree polynomial with integer coefficients. Examples of Algebraic Numbers are <math>2</math>, <math>1/3</math>, and <math>\sqrt{2}</math>.
In contrast, Transcendental Numbers are real numbers which are not roots of any finite degree polynomial with integer coefficients. The most well-known transcendental numbers are <math>e</math> and <math>\pi</math>.
The set of Algebraic Numbers is countably infinite. This follows from the fact that the set of finite degree polynomials with integer coefficients is countably infinite.