Republicanism
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Republicanism is a political ideology in opposition monarchy and tyranny. Republicans hold that a political system must be founded upon the rule of law, the rights of individuals, and the sovereignty of the people, all passed down from God. It is also closely connected to the idea of civic virtue, the responsibility citizens owe to their republic.
Republican thought is evident in Ancient Greece, particularly Athens, but is most commonly associated with the Roman Republic and such statesmen as Cicero. Republicanism was revived during the Renaissance, and became the driving force behind the American and French Revolutions.
It is presently the basis of the American political system, which has been emulated world-wide.