Slave Trade
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Buying and selling of slaves was common in the ancient world, especialy within the Roman Empire, but declined during the early Middle Ages.
The slave trade recommenced in 1455 in Africa. The Pope gave justification to enslave non-Christians in a papal bull. It became an important part of Africa's economy. It did not come to an end until 1800-1865 with the work of Christians; William Wilberforce and John Wesley. The United States passed the 13th Amendment in response to it.
World History Lecture Eight can be used for more information.