Metaphase

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Metaphase are the phases of mitosis (of which there is one phase) and meiosis (of which there are 2 phases, metaphase 1 and metaphase 2), or cell division, when the chromosomes align along the center of the cell. Because metaphase chromosomes are highly condensed, scientists use these chromosomes for gene mapping and identifying chromosomal aberrations.

Sources

http://www.genome.gov/glossary.cfm?key=metaphase