Darwinism
Darwinism "is the doctrine that all living things are biological descendants of common ancestors that have been modified by unguided variations and natural selection." [1]
It is named for the nineteenth-century English naturalist Charles Darwin, who held that natural selection in combination with random mutation is the directive or creative force of evolution.[1]
The theory of natural selection is one of two major evolutionary theories advanced by Darwin, the other being the theory of descent with modification.[2]
A popular documentary, Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed, aptly described how Adolf Hitler followed Darwin's ideas to their logical conclusion: the wholesale slaughter of millions of people.
The modern version of the theory of evolution, based on Darwin's original theory, is sometimes called "Neo-Darwinism".