Theory and fact

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A theory is an explanation of something, and a scientific theory is a special kind of explanation.

A fact is a particular observation or set of observations. For example:

  • this specimen is light blue and weights 2.4 pounds
  • the specific gravity of cooking oil is 0.925

In some discussions about science, advocates have occasionally indicated their belief that a certain theory "is a fact". Naturally they do not mean that an explanation and an observation are the same thing, but that they are quite certain that the theory in questions is "factual", i.e., true.