where L is the length of the object, and A is its cross sectional area. <math>\rho</math> is the resistivity of the material the object, a measure of how much the free electrons in a material are scattered by the ion lattice.
Resistance in a circuit made of purely resistive elements (i.e . no [[inductor]]s or [[capacitor]]s) can be calculated by the [[voltage]] divided by the [[current]] (R = V / I).
==See also==