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:The [[Catholic Church]], numerically constituting the majority of [[Christianity|Christians]], emphasizes the fact that in this passage relating the words addressed to the apostles together, Jesus does ''not'' speak of the "''keys of the Kingdom of Heaven''", and therefore the keys were entrusted only to Peter and to his [[Apostolic succession|successors]] in fulfillment of [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+22%3A20-25&version=NRSVCE Isaiah 22:20-25]. Verse 25 is understood as referring by [[analogy]] to the high priest of the Jews in Jerusalem as "the peg that was fastened in a secure place". The prophesy is understood as a [[Typology|type]] foreshadowing the reality that when Jesus bestows on his Apostle Peter the keys of the kingdom of God, the authoritative position of the Jewish high priest in Judaism "will give way; and it will be cut down and fall, and the burden that was on it will be cut off, for the L<small>ORD</small> has spoken." (Compare [https://www.theopedia.com/supersessionism Supersessionism (theopedia.com)].) On the principle of ''sola scriptura'', there is no linguistic textual basis for saying that Jesus gave the "keys" to all the apostles on that occasion (Matthew 18:18), but only that he gave them all the collective authority to bind and loose together, an authority which is distinctly different from the authority to open and shut the "Kingdom of Heaven" (see [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+1%3A17-18&version=NRSVCE Revelation 1:17-18]; [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+3%3A7-18&version=NRSVCE 3:7]). This textual fact is cited in Catholic [[apologetics]] in defense of the doctrine of the primacy of [[Saint Peter]] as Prince of the Apostles. Compare [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+16%3A16-19&version=NRSVCE Matthew 16:16-19] and [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+18%3A15-20&version=NRSVCE 18:15-20]; [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+13%3A1-7&version=NRSVCE Romans 13:1-7]; [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Timothy+1%3A13-14&version=NRSVCE 2&nbsp;Timothy 1:13-14]; [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Timothy+2%3A2&version=NRSVCE 2:2]; [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+14%3A16-17&version=NRSVCE John 14:16-17].  :Compare [http://jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/3307-binding-and-loosing '''Binding and Loosing''', by Kaufmann Kohler (jewishencyclopedia.com)]