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:Cultivated grapes ripe and still on the vine contain alcohol in trace amounts naturally, about one-tenth of one percent, similar to the amount in fresh-squeezed orange juice. Grape juice that has been ''pasteurized'', removing any naturally occurring yeast, will not ferment ''if kept sterile'', and thus contains no alcohol. In the heat of the ordinary climate in Palestine, a few hours after grapes have been pressed and the juice is stored in clay jars in unrefrigerated rooms, an unavoidable natural process of fermentation begins to change it into wine. After 12 to 24 hours the alcohol content of the stored grape juice ranges from 1 to 3 percent, similar to that of mild beer. <br> :New wineskins are flexible, moderately-sized new leather pouches or bags (KJV leather "bottles") which, when filled with this newly fermenting grape juice and sealed tightly, can expand as the gas of fermentation is produced, eventually turning the new wine into "old", with a higher alcohol content of 12 to 18 percent. Old wineskins are no longer flexible and cannot expand, and the increasing gas pressure from the fermentation of new wine in them would burst them. Compare Acts 2:12-15. From this passage and others, it is clearly evident that when Jesus refers to "new wine" he is not speaking of unfermented grape juice.  :See [http://www.ccel.org/ccel/hastings/dict2/Page_824.html ''Hastings Bible Dictionary'' (1909) p. 824 "WINE"]. <br> :The issue is controverted. The Greek word '''οινος ''' means simply "the fruit of the vine." [[Fundamentalism|Christian Fundamentalist]] doctrine clearly teaches that wine in the modern sense of an alcoholic drink was not a common drink, especially among the Jews, and that contrary to popular belief, ''[http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/connoisseur connoisseurs] of grape juice'' (as distinct from the average ordinary person) actively sought to stop it from fermenting and in fact had five different methods available to them to accomplish this.  :See, e.g., "'''Oinos: a discussion of the Bible wine question'''," by Leon C. Field (1883), also online article [http://www.orgsites.com/ky/jesusfirst/_pgg9.php3 '''Jesus And Wine?'''], both of them in (partial) contradiction of facts cited in ''Hastings Bible Dictionary'' entry "WINE".