Difference between revisions of "Newton's law"

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Newton's law says that one may imagine interaction between two masses, let's call them <math>M</math> and <math>m</math>, as if between them acted an ''attractive force'' (callled also ''"gravitational force"'' or more properly a ''"Newtonian force"'' <math>F_N</math>) such that <math>F_N=GMm/r^2</math>, where <math>G</math> is Newtonian gravitational constant, <math>M</math> and <math>m</math> are the interacting masses, and <math>r</math> is a distance between centers of gravity of these masses.
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Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation says that every mass (<math>M_1</math>) in the universe attracts every other mass (<math>M_2</math>) in the universe with an ''attractive force'' <math>F_N</math>, also called ''"gravitational force"'' or more properly ''"Newtonian force"'', inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them and directly proportional to the product of their masses, such that:
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:<math>F_N=GM_1 M_2/r^2</math>,  
  
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Newton didn't believe that it is a real force acting between masses <math>M</math> and <math>m</math> since he didn't believe in possibility of ''action at a distance'' through vacuum, and mainteined that it is just a mathematical coincidence that accidentally produces such an effect but its physical reasons are still not known. For him such attractive force looked extremly mysterious and improbable and he refused to believe in possibility of existence of ''"attractive gravitational force"''.  
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:where <math>G</math> is the Newtonian gravitational constant (9.8 <math>m/s^2</math>), <math>M_1</math> and <math>M_2</math> are the interacting masses, and <math>r</math> is a distance between their centers of gravity.
  
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The reason for masses approaching each other get clarified in [[MIT]] experiment with extremely precise clocks which proved that time slows down in vicinity of a mass. It showed that each mass is rather pushed in the direction of the other with an inertial force resulting from the particle choosing its most proable position in spacetime but being prevented from occupying that position by some obstacle presses against this obstacle with inertial force considered ''"gravitational"''. The force disappears after removing the obstacle and the perticle finds itself in a ''"free fall"'' in which no forces act on it and it is free to choose for itself the most probable position of the lowest internal energy.
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Newton didn't believe that the gravitational force is a real force acting between masses <math>M_1</math> and <math>M_2</math>. He maintained that it was just a mathematical coincidence that his Law of Universal Gravitation correctly described the effect of gravitation but that the physical reasons for the appearance of an attractive force was unknown. To Newton, the attractive force looked extremely mysterious and improbable and he refused to believe in the possibility of the existence of and ''"attractive gravitational force" acting at a distance.''
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The reason for masses apparently being attracted to each other was clarified by an experiment conducted at [[MIT]] using extremely precise clocks. The experiment proved that time slows down in the vicinity of a large mass such as the Earth. The experiment showed that each mass is pushed in the direction of the other with an inertial force resulting from the particle choosing its most proable position in spacetime but being prevented from occupying that position by some obstacle; it therefore presses against this obstacle with inertial force called ''"gravitational force"''. The force disappears after removing the obstacle and the particle is in ''"[[free fall]]"'' in which no forces act on it and it is free to occupy the most probable position of the lowest internal energy <math>E=mc^2</math>, where <math>m</math> is the rest mass of the particle, and <math>c</math> is the speed of light in vacuum.
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[[Category:Physics]]

Latest revision as of 13:48, November 8, 2011

Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation says that every mass () in the universe attracts every other mass () in the universe with an attractive force , also called "gravitational force" or more properly "Newtonian force", inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them and directly proportional to the product of their masses, such that:

,
where is the Newtonian gravitational constant (9.8 ), and are the interacting masses, and is a distance between their centers of gravity.

Newton didn't believe that the gravitational force is a real force acting between masses and . He maintained that it was just a mathematical coincidence that his Law of Universal Gravitation correctly described the effect of gravitation but that the physical reasons for the appearance of an attractive force was unknown. To Newton, the attractive force looked extremely mysterious and improbable and he refused to believe in the possibility of the existence of and "attractive gravitational force" acting at a distance.

The reason for masses apparently being attracted to each other was clarified by an experiment conducted at MIT using extremely precise clocks. The experiment proved that time slows down in the vicinity of a large mass such as the Earth. The experiment showed that each mass is pushed in the direction of the other with an inertial force resulting from the particle choosing its most proable position in spacetime but being prevented from occupying that position by some obstacle; it therefore presses against this obstacle with inertial force called "gravitational force". The force disappears after removing the obstacle and the particle is in "free fall" in which no forces act on it and it is free to occupy the most probable position of the lowest internal energy , where is the rest mass of the particle, and is the speed of light in vacuum.

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