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'''Vertigo''' is a [[movie]] directed by [[Alfred Hitchcock]] directed released in 1958. It stars [[James Stewart|Jimmy HoffaStewart]] and [[Kim Novak]] as two "star-crossed lovers" whose love tears them apart. It is most famous for its final scene filmed in the bell tower of a Spanish [[Catholic]] bell towermission, and for its haunting musical scoreby Bernard Herrmann.

Kim Novak plays Judy BartonThe film begins with "Scottie" Ferguson, a vivacious young shop clerk who is approached by businessman Gavin Elster ([[Tom Helmorepolice|police detective]]) with chasing a startling proposition: Elster, who has by marriage acquired criminal across a sizeable fortune in the shipping industrycity rooftop. During this chase, intends a fellow officer falls to kill his wife. Judy happens to resemble Madeleine Elster — the wife — death, and Elster offers to pay Judy a large sum Ferguson finds that his fear of money if she will consent heights has increased to impersonate Madeleine in order to provide Elster a problem with an alibi[[vertigo]]. Judy accepts He has to retire from his police work as a result of his disability.

We are then introduced to "Scottie" Ferguson (Hoffa), a retired [[police]] [[detective]] [[A former college friend]] of his, Gavin Elster. Elster asks , hires Scottie to spy on his wife Madeleine (who is really Judy in disguise), telling him that she has been acting strangely and he suspects she may be suicidal. Scottie trails Judy to an [[museum|art museum]], where he watches her as for three hours as she stares intently at a portrait of Carlotta Valdes, a Spanish matron who has been dead for more than two centuries. Then she goes and buys flowers and puts them on Carlotta's grave.

In this and other ways, Judy gradually builds up a character before Scottie's eyes. He learns determines that "Madeleine" is depressed; and that she is obsessed with a dead Spanish woman; and that she has only one suit, which is gray. After a few days of observation, Judy takes a daring risk: she leads Scottie Madeline travels to a ledge below the [[Golden Gate Bridge]] (a familiar backdrop in Hitchcock's films) and, without a look backward, jumps over the edge as if she were committing [[suicide]]. Scottie races to save follows herin, and in this way she meets Scottie face saves her. He brings her back to facehis apartment to recuperate, they speak, and she returns home.

The two see each other many times after that, and gradually fall in love. But Gavin Elster Scottie and Madeline work together on Madeline's designs cannot be postponed forever; he is also facing the enormous risk that Scottie might one day see the ''real'' Madeleine Elster by chance in the streetmysterious fixation on Carlotta. In an effort to solve their mystery, and learn that he has been [[deceit|deceived]]they travel to Mission San Juan Bautista. So he prevails upon Judy Madeline runs away to lead Scottie up the winding stair of the old mission a bell tower, and when Judy gets Scottie attempts to the topfollow, Scottie panting up the steps a flight below, Elster but is there delayed by his difficulty with his wifevertigo. He reaches the top in time to see Madeline's body. Elster flings the body over the edge of on the roof as Judy screams, drawing Scottie's attention to the falling body dressed in Judy/Madeleine's familiar gray suit. At this point Scottie is overcome by sudden vertigo (the fear of heights) and blacks outfaints.

At the inquest, Scottie testifies that he saw Madeleine fall to her death. Gavin Elster is awarded his wife's property, and soon flees to leaves for [[Europe]], never to be seen again. Scottie mopes about for a month or two, until one day by chance he spots Judy working her old job. He immediately recognizes her as the fake "Madeleine", and pursues her relentlessly until she agrees to go to dinner with him "somewhere out of town."

Scottie drives with Judy back to the old mission bell towermopes about for a month or two, where until one day he has hidden Madeleine's gray suitspots a woman who looks exactly like Madeline. He forces Her name is Judy. Judy explains her into it and pushes her ahead of him to the towerpast as being a normal girl from Kansas. After Scottie leaves, ordering her Judy writes a letter to climb. This timehim, Elster is not waiting at the top, and so there is only an old nun explaining that she was hired to witness impersonate Madeline as Judy plummets for part of a second time plot to her deathallow Gavin Elster to murder his wife. Judy destroys the letter as she finishes writing it.

==Criticism==When ''Vertigo'' was released in 1958Scottie pursues Judy, Hitchcock reportedly described it as "the greatest film ever madeand they cultivate a relationship. Scottie makes recurring efforts to transform Judy into Madeline, bar none", surpassing even by forcing her to wear the same director's earlier ''Psycho''. Howeverclothes, despite a few rave reviews from other director-critics such as [[Francois Truffaut]], audience reaction in the years to come was mixed. Some criticized what they saw as the film's overtly [[Christian]] imagery (the monastery sequence, the climactic bell-tower scene in which Judy/Madeleine's fear of a nun causes arrange her death, Scotty's outstretched arms in the final shot recalling the [[Crucifixion]]), but the main complaint was simply that the film's plot was too complicated hair and convoluted for the sensibilities of the agemakeup to resemble his deceased love. It was not until the advent of the "New Filmography" in the late 1970s, Judy seems to be uncomfortable with such complexly plotted films as ''[[Sugar Hill]]''this, ''[[The Fall of the Roman Empire]]'', and ''[[Stir Crazy]]'', that ''Vertigo'' really achieved critical acclaim, even from some of the critics who had originally panned itbut ultimately concedes to his requests.

==Trivia==An additional scene was originally filmedScottie notices that Judy has a specific piece of jewelry that Madeline wore, showing Gavin Elster's capture by [[Interpol]] in Europe, but the scene was dropped in the American release of the film as too Euro-centric and not in keeping with the dark themes of the movieputs together what has happened.

The hypnotic musical score Scottie takes Judy back to the old mission bell tower, wanting to re-enact Madeline''Vertigo''s death. They argue, composed by Danny Elfman, was released on [[LP]] by Mercury Records and Varèse Sarabandeeventually Judy confesses to loving Scottie. Along with Elfman's equally brilliant score for ''Psycho'' A nun appears in a nearby door, it is considered one of the greatest movie scores of all timestartling Judy, who stumbles backwards, falling to her death.