Essay: The 2023 BRICS Summit was a bunch of hoopla. We still don't live in a multipolar world.

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BRICS’ New Development Bank headquarters in Shanghai, China.

China's skyscraper boom is officially over.[1]

China has likely peaked and economic trouble is heading its way. See: China has likely peaked arguments

According to Investopedia, BRICS refers to certain emerging market countries — Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, and more—that seek to establish deeper ties between member nations and cooperate on economic expansion, including trade. The countries act as a counterbalance to traditional Western influence.[2]

In terms of countries each countries GNP and the adding of the GNP of countries that are allies of the United States or lean to the United States as opposed to countries that are allies of China or lean towards China, the U.S. holds an advantage in terms of economical dominance and this state of affairs could continue for the foreseeable future (See: The US retains the economic advantage in its rivalry with China. America and its allies remain more united and economically powerful than Beijing’s group of allies, Financial Times, November 29, 2023).

Question: Was the 2023 BRICS Summit significant or a bunch of hoopla?

2023 BRICS Summit was a bunch of hoopla. The BRICS are a farce.

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The BRICS’ New Development Bank headquarters in Shanghai, China

The BRICS’ New Development Bank headquarters is in Shanghai, China.

Colonel Douglas MacGregor said about China in the video Why China's Navy is a JOKE: "China has huge problems just holding itself together. So I think we should set China aside and understand that."[3] See: Skepticism about China remaining a global power

The myth of multipolarity. What do the terms unipolar, bipolar and multipolar mean as far as international relations?

See also: The myth of multipolarity. What do the terms unipolar, bipolar and multipolar mean as far as international relations?

Previously, I wrote the essays:

The essay below builds on the above essays.

As far as international international relations, the education website Unacademy.com defines a unipolar world thusly, "A unipolar world is when the majority of the world is dominated by a single state or nation's military and economic power, and social and cultural influence."

The military defeats of the Soviet Union and United States in Afghanistan and the Vietnam War help demonstrate that we don't live in a unipolar world. It is hard to be an occupier in a country that doesn't want you to be there - especially in an age of fourth generation warfare (Fourth generation warfare is warfare where there is a blurring of the separation between war/politics and combatants/civilians. 4GW wars are more decentralized in terms of their command and control). See also: Essay: Western, liberal dominance over the world is over

A multipolar world refers to a system in the world which power is distributed among multiple/many states or blocs of states, rather than being concentrated in one (unipolar) or two (bipolar) dominant powers.[4]

The material below argues that the world is not presently multipolar.


"The United States and China are undoubtedly the two most powerful countries, but at least one more country must be roughly in their league for multipolarity to exist. This is where claims of multipolarity fall apart. Every country that could plausibly rank third—France, Germany, India, Japan, Russia, the United Kingdom—is in no way a rough peer of the United States or China." -The Myth of Multipolarity, American Power’s Staying Power, Foreign Affairs, 2023

However, a number of leading geopolitical analysts are skeptical about China remaining a global power as it faces a number of serious intractable problems (See: Skepticism about China remaining a global power).

I do agree with Donald Trump that America should not get into "endless wars" that do not serve America's vital interests.[5] I also agree with Trump's policy of not using the American military to "solve ancient conflicts in faraway lands".[6]
Chart of the growth of U.S. GNP from January 1947 to January 2023.

A great strength of the United States is its very consistent growth of its GNP over decades and its quick recovery the few times its GNP has gone down.[7]

In addition, research indicates that in the long-term, non-authoritarian countries are more likely to experience greater economic growth. See: Time Under Authoritarian Rule and Economic Growth, CORI Working Paper No. 2007-02

For more information on this topic, please see:

*Should You Be Bullish on America?

Why is America so rich?

*Size of a working age population in a country and its correlation with national GNP in advanced economies. The ability of the United States to attract some of the best and brightest workers in the world

*Slow and steady growth over the long term via capitalism and the rule of law versus short-sighted authoritarian economic growth that is costly to the long term economy
The USA was among the most 10 most diverse economies in 2018 according to the Word Atlas website.[8]

Read the articles: The Importance Of A Diversified Economy and Resilient, stable, sustainable: The benefits of economic diversification
China is no longer set to eclipse the US as the world’s biggest economy soon, and it may never consistently pull ahead to claim the top spot as the nation’s confidence slump becomes more entrenched.

That’s according to Bloomberg Economics, which now forecasts it will take until the mid-2040s for China’s gross domestic product to exceed that of the US — and even then, it will happen by “only a small margin” before “falling back behind.”

Before the pandemic, they expected China to take and hold pole position as early as the start of next decade.[9]

See: Skepticism about China remaining a global power

In addition, please see:

*Chinese real estate crisis (2020–present)

*Chinese stock markets crisis (Since 2021, China’s stock markets have lost about $7 trillion in value.[10])

*Youth unemployment in China
Russian GNP 1991 to August 2023.

Estimates of Russian GNP 1991 to August 2023 measured in US fiat dollars; exchange rates between the dollar and the ruble ended in March 2022 when the ruble became a gold-backed currency.

Recently, the Russian ruble has seen a big decline:

*Russia’s War-Torn Economy Hits Its Speed Limit: Economists see this week’s currency gyrations not as the beginning of a financial crisis but rather as a symptom of the Kremlin’s sclerotic economic prospects, Wall Street Journal, August 2023

*The Russian ruble hit a 16-month low this week and is one of the worst performing currencies in 2023, August, 2023

*Russia Cranks Interest Rates to 12% in Emergency Move Supporting Ruble, Barron's, August 2023

*5 stats show how Russia's economy is declining, Business Insider, 2023

Why did so many self-declared international relations experts miserably fail concerning their multipolar fantasy?

The 4 reasons why so many self-declared international relations experts miserably failed concerning their multipolar fantasy is given in the essay below:

User: Conservative's international relations essays

Vladimir Putin

See also: Vladimir Putin is a corrupt kleptocrat and an authoritarian

General

The United States

China

Russia

War in Ukraine

Give me liberty, or give me death!

"Give me liberty, or give me death!" - Patrick Henry

References

  1. ↑ China's skyscraper boom is over
  2. ↑ BRICS: Acronym for Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa, Investopedia
  3. ↑ Why China's Navy is a JOKE
  4. ↑ What is the meaning of multipolar?
  5. ↑ Trump to West Point grads: 'We are ending the era of endless wars', Reuters, June 13, 2022
  6. ↑ Trump to West Point grads: 'We are ending the era of endless wars', Reuters, June 13, 2022
  7. ↑ Should You Be Bullish on America?
  8. ↑ Countries With The Most Diverse Economies
  9. ↑ China Slowdown Means It May Never Overtake US Economy, Forecast Shows, Bloomberg News, September 5, 2023
  10. ↑ What’s going on with China’s stock market?, MarketPlace.org
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