Kalamazoo County, Michigan
Kalamazoo County is a county located in the southwestern part of the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population was 263,408. The county seat is Kalamazoo, which is also the largest city in the county. Kalamazoo County is known for its educational institutions, rich cultural scene, and significant contributions to the pharmaceutical and manufacturing industries.
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History
Kalamazoo County was established in 1830 and named after the Kalamazoo River, which flows through the county. The name "Kalamazoo" is derived from a Native American word, though its exact meaning is disputed. The area was originally inhabited by Native American tribes such as the Potawatomi and Ojibwa. European settlers arrived in the early 19th century, with the region becoming known for its fertile farmland and access to waterways.
The county’s early economy was centered around agriculture, with crops such as wheat and corn being major contributors. As the county grew, manufacturing and industry began to play a more prominent role, particularly with the development of the pharmaceutical industry. Kalamazoo became a key center for the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals, particularly during the 20th century.
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, Kalamazoo County has a total area of 579 square miles, of which 564 square miles is land and 15 square miles (2.6%) is water. The county is located in the southwestern part of Michigan’s Lower Peninsula and is bordered by:
- Calhoun County to the east
- Van Buren County to the south
- Allegan County to the west
- Barry County to the north
Key geographic features of Kalamazoo County include:
- **Kalamazoo River**: A major river running through the county, providing opportunities for fishing, boating, and recreational activities.
- **Asylum Lake**: A small, scenic lake located in the city of Kalamazoo, providing a natural space for walking and wildlife observation.
- **Mill Race Park**: A park located near downtown Kalamazoo, offering trails, green spaces, and access to the Kalamazoo River.
Economy
Kalamazoo County’s economy is diverse, with strong sectors in manufacturing, education, healthcare, and services. Major sectors include:
- **Pharmaceuticals**: Kalamazoo is home to major pharmaceutical companies, including Kalamazoo-based Pfizer and Stryker Corporation. The pharmaceutical industry plays a significant role in the county’s economy.
- **Education**: With institutions such as Western Michigan University and Kalamazoo College, education is a major contributor to the county’s economy. The university systems attract students and staff from across the country and beyond.
- **Healthcare**: The county has a robust healthcare sector, with hospitals, medical research centers, and healthcare facilities that serve both local and regional needs.
- **Manufacturing**: The county has a strong industrial base, with companies in manufacturing and logistics, particularly in the automotive, electronics, and food industries.
- **Retail and Services**: Kalamazoo County has a growing retail and service sector, with the city of Kalamazoo serving as a commercial hub for the region.
Communities
Kalamazoo County includes one city, several villages, and numerous townships.
- Kalamazoo (city): The county seat and largest city, known for its universities, historic downtown, and cultural institutions.
- Portage (city): A city located just south of Kalamazoo, known for its parks, businesses, and residential communities.
- Paw Paw (village): A village in the southeastern part of the county, known for its proximity to vineyards and agricultural activities.
Townships
Kalamazoo County is divided into 12 townships:
- Alamo Township
- Augusta Township
- Climax Township
- Comstock Township
- Kalamazoo Township
- Oshtemo Township
- Prairie Ronde Township
- Richland Township
- Schoolcraft Township
- Texas Township
- Charleston Township
- Pavilion Township
Parks and Recreation
Kalamazoo County offers several parks and recreational activities, including:
- **Kalamazoo River Valley Trail**: A multi-use trail that follows the Kalamazoo River, providing opportunities for hiking, biking, and wildlife watching.
- **Asylum Lake Preserve**: A preserve offering walking trails, a lake, and scenic views for outdoor recreation.
- **Portage Creek Bicentennial Park**: A park located in Portage, offering trails, picnic areas, and access to the creek.
Demographics
As of the 2020 census, Kalamazoo County had a population of 263,408. The population is predominantly White, with a significant African American population, along with smaller percentages of Asian American, Hispanic, and Native American residents. The county is home to a mix of urban, suburban, and rural communities, with the largest population centers in Kalamazoo and Portage.
Education
Kalamazoo County is served by several school districts:
Higher education opportunities in the county include:
- Western Michigan University: A public university in Kalamazoo, offering a variety of undergraduate and graduate programs.
- Kalamazoo College: A private liberal arts college located in Kalamazoo, offering undergraduate programs in a variety of disciplines.
Transportation
Kalamazoo County is served by several major highways:
- Interstate 94: Runs east-west through the county, providing access to Detroit, Chicago, and points between.
- U.S. Route 131: A highway running north-south through the county, connecting Kalamazoo to other major cities in Michigan and the surrounding region.
Public transportation is available through the Kalamazoo Metro Transit System, providing bus services for residents and visitors.
See Also
References
- United States Census Bureau. "QuickFacts: Kalamazoo County, Michigan."
- Michigan Department of Natural Resources. "Asylum Lake Preserve."
- Romig, Walter. Michigan Place Names. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1986.
