Keweenaw County, Michigan
Keweenaw County is a county located in the Upper Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population was 2,046, making it the least populous county in Michigan. The county seat is Eagle River, and it is known for its scenic beauty, historical significance in the copper mining industry, and remote wilderness.
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History
Keweenaw County was established in 1861 and organized in 1866. The county is named after the Keweenaw Peninsula, which projects into Lake Superior. The name "Keweenaw" derives from an Ojibwa word meaning "portage" or "place where portage is made."
The county played a significant role in Michigan's early mining history as part of the Keweenaw Copper Mining District, one of the oldest and most productive copper mining regions in the world. The area's mining boom began in the mid-19th century and continued into the early 20th century, attracting settlers and industrial investment. While mining has since declined, the county preserves its history through museums and historic sites.
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, Keweenaw County has a total area of 5,966 square miles, of which 541 square miles is land and 5,425 square miles (91%) is water, making it the largest county in Michigan by total area. The county is located at the northernmost tip of the Upper Peninsula and includes the Keweenaw Peninsula and Isle Royale National Park.
Key geographic features of Keweenaw County include:
- **Lake Superior**: The county is surrounded by Lake Superior, providing breathtaking views, beaches, and access to water-based recreation.
- **Mount Houghton**: One of the highest points in the county, offering scenic overlooks and hiking opportunities.
- **Copper Harbor**: A popular tourist destination known for its historic sites, outdoor activities, and access to Brockway Mountain Drive.
- **Isle Royale**: A federally designated national park located in Lake Superior and part of Keweenaw County, known for its remote wilderness and wildlife.
Economy
Keweenaw County’s economy is based on tourism, outdoor recreation, and small-scale manufacturing. Major sectors include:
- **Tourism**: The county attracts visitors with its natural beauty, historic sites, and outdoor activities such as hiking, kayaking, fishing, and snowmobiling.
- **Forestry**: Timber production and related industries contribute to the local economy.
- **Small-Scale Manufacturing**: Includes artisanal goods, local crafts, and specialty food production.
Communities
Keweenaw County has no incorporated cities, making it one of Michigan's most rural counties. The county seat and other notable communities include:
- Eagle River (unincorporated community): The county seat, known for its historic courthouse and proximity to Lake Superior.
- Copper Harbor (unincorporated community): A major tourist destination at the northern tip of the peninsula, offering access to Brockway Mountain and Isle Royale National Park.
- Mohawk (unincorporated community): A small community with historical ties to the copper mining industry.
Townships
Keweenaw County is divided into four townships:
- Allouez Township
- Eagle Harbor Township
- Houghton Township
- Sherman Township
Parks and Recreation
Keweenaw County offers numerous parks and recreational activities, including:
- **Brockway Mountain Drive**: A scenic road offering panoramic views of Lake Superior and the surrounding landscape.
- **Fort Wilkins State Park**: A historic park featuring a restored 19th-century military outpost and camping facilities.
- **Isle Royale National Park**: A remote wilderness area known for its hiking trails, canoeing, and opportunities to see wildlife such as moose and wolves.
Demographics
As of the 2020 census, Keweenaw County had a population of 2,046. The population is predominantly White, with smaller percentages of Native American and other minority groups. The county’s rural character is reflected in its low population density and small, close-knit communities.
Education
Keweenaw County is served by several school districts:
Higher education opportunities are available in nearby Houghton County at Michigan Technological University and Finlandia University.
Transportation
Keweenaw County is served by several major highways:
- U.S. Route 41: Runs through the county, terminating at Copper Harbor.
- M-26: Provides access to communities along the Keweenaw Peninsula.
Air travel is available through the Houghton County Memorial Airport, located in neighboring Houghton County.
See Also
References
- United States Census Bureau. "QuickFacts: Keweenaw County, Michigan."
- Michigan Department of Natural Resources. "Fort Wilkins State Park."
- Romig, Walter. Michigan Place Names. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1986.
