Lima Declaration and Plan of Action on Industrial Development and Co-operation
The Lima Declaration and Plan of Action on Industrial Development and Co-operation was adopted by the Second General Conference of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) in Lima, Peru, on 26 March 1975.
The declaration was developed within the framework of the New International Economic Order (NIEO) proclaimed by the United Nations General Assembly in Resolution 3201 (S-VI) in 1974. It called for a restructuring of international economic relations through accelerated industrialization of developing nations, technology transfer, increased industrial cooperation, and a new international division of industrial production.
Background
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Following the adoption of the Declaration on the Establishment of a New International Economic Order in 1974, UNIDO convened its Second General Conference in Lima, Peru. Delegates argued that industrial development was necessary to reduce economic disparities between developed and developing nations.
Major Objectives
The declaration called for:
- Increased industrialization of developing countries.
- Greater transfer of technology from developed to developing nations.
- Expanded international industrial cooperation.
- Increased participation by developing countries in world industrial production.
- Support for the establishment of a New International Economic Order.
The declaration recognized "the urgent need to bring about the establishment of a new international economic order based on equity, sovereign equality, interdependence and cooperation."
Significance
The Lima Declaration became one of the principal policy statements supporting the economic objectives of the New International Economic Order during the 1970s.
Supporters viewed the declaration as an effort to reduce global economic inequality and promote industrial development in poorer nations.
Critics argued that it represented a form of international economic planning and encouraged the reorganization of national economies within a globally managed economic framework.