Mnemonic

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The human brain is the most complex physical entity in the universe.[1][2][3]

A mnemonic device (memory device), is any learning technique that assists someone's memory.

Beginners may remember 20–60% more than without mnemonics. With consistent practice for several weeks, learners can more than double recall. Experts, like memory champions, can recall almost everything in a set list.

Types of mnemonics and mnemonic tactics/strategies

Visualization and mnemonics

See also: Visualization

In psychology, visualization is the process of creating mental images or rehearsing movements in your mind. It's also known as mental imagery.[4]

"Visualization and mnemonics" refers to a "memory technique where you create mental images to associate with information you want to remember, essentially using visual imagery as a mnemonic device to aid recall; this is often done by linking the image to a familiar place or concept, making the information easier to retrieve later on."[5]

Source: Visualization and mnemonics

Mnemonics: Statistics related to increased efficiency/speed in learning and higher retention rates

Study plans: Achieving proficiency level and expert level in the use of mnemonics

Mnemonic devices training and brain changes

Articles:

Findings:

  • The top participants of the annual World Memory Championships regularly demonstrate the ability to memorize hundreds of words, digits, or other abstract information units within minutes.
  • Of the 23 athletes, 17 participated in a word learning task under fMRI conditions where they demonstrated their superior memory abilities compared to controls (70.8 ± 0.6 versus 39.9 ± 3.6 of 72 words correctly recalled 20 min after encoding; median, 72 versus 41; Wilcoxon signed-rank test, p < 0.001, r = 0.62).
  • Brain changes: "Memory skills strongly differ across the general population; however, little is known about the brain characteristics supporting superior memory performance. Here we assess functional brain network organization of 23 of the world’s most successful memory athletes and matched controls with fMRI during both task-free resting state baseline and active memory encoding. We demonstrate that, in a group of naive controls, functional connectivity changes induced by 6 weeks of mnemonic training were correlated with the network organization that distinguishes athletes from controls."
  • True to their name, the memory champions missed only two words on average when recalling the list 20 minutes later, whereas their controls missed nearly half.

Abstract of journal article Mnemonic training reshapes brain networks to support superior memory, Neuron, VOLUME 93, ISSUE 5, P1227-1235.E6, MARCH 08, 2017

The abstract for the journal article Mnemonic training reshapes brain networks to support superior memory, Neuron, VOLUME 93, ISSUE 5, P1227-1235.E6, MARCH 08, 2017 indicates:

“ Memory skills strongly differ across the general population, however little is known about the brain characteristics supporting superior memory performance. Here, we assess functional brain network organization of 23 of the world’s most successful memory athletes and matched controls by fMRI during both task-free resting state baseline and active memory encoding. We demonstrate that in a group of naïve controls, functional connectivity changes induced by six weeks of mnemonic training were correlated with the network organization that distinguishes athletes from controls. During rest, this effect was mainly driven by connections between rather than within the visual, medial temporal lobe and default mode networks, whereas during task it was driven by connectivity within these networks. Similarity with memory athlete connectivity patterns predicted memory improvements up to 4 months after training. In conclusion, mnemonic training drives distributed rather than regional changes, reorganizing the brain’s functional network organization to enable superior memory performance.[6] ”

Journal articles related to mnemonics

Books

See also: Mnemonic books - Book summaries

  • Unlimited Memory: How to Use Advanced Learning Strategies to Learn Faster, Remember More and be More Productive by Kevin Horsley, TCK Publishing (August 13, 2021)
  • Moonwalking With Einstein: The Art and Science of Remembering Everything by Joshua Foer, The Penguin Press; First Edition (March 3, 2011)
  • Your Memory : How It Works and How to Improve It by Kenneth L. Higbee, Da Capo Lifelong Books; 2nd edition (March 2, 2001)
  • The Memory Book: The Classic Guide to Improving Your Memory at Work, at School, and at Play by Harry Lorayne and Jerry Lucas, Random House Publishing Group; Illustrated edition (August 27, 1996)
  • Memory Improvement: How To Improve Your Memory In Just 30 Days by Ron White. Laurenzana Press. July 18, 2013
  • How to Remember Names and Faces the Easy Way by Ron White. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. December 19, 2015
  • The Memory Book: How to Remember Anything You Want by Tony Buzan and James Harrison, Pearson Education Ltd; 1st edition (November 26, 2009)
  • Where Did Noah Park the Ark?: Ancient Memory Techniques for Remembering Practically Anything by Eran Katz. Harmony. October 19, 2010
  • Remember: The Science of Memory and the Art of Forgetting by Lisa Genova, Harmony (March 23, 2021)
  • Mnemonology: Mnemonics for the 21st Century (Essays in Cognitive Psychology) by James B. Worthen and R. Reed Hunt, Psychology Press; 1st edition (July 14, 2010)
  • Mnemonics: Memorization Techniques for Studying and Everyday Use by Miguel M. Macieira, Babelcube Inc. (May 9, 2016)
  • Kevin Trudeau's Mega Memory: How to Release Your Superpower Memory in 30 Minutes Or Less a Day by Kevin Trudeau, William Morrow Paperbacks; Reprint edition (August 16, 2005)
  • Memory Improvement Book - The Mnemonics: Mind and Memory Improvement for Adults (The Active and Effective Leaders) by Andrew Kite, Independently published (August 14, 2020), ASIN: B08GB6T1VY
  • The Chess Memory Palace by John Holden, Independently published (December 29, 2022), ASIN: B0BR9DQMVS
  • How to Develop an Exceptional Memory by Morris N. Young and Walter Brown Gibson, Wilshire Book Co (January 1, 1970)
  • Good memory--successful student!: A guide to remembering what you learn by Harry Lorayne, T. Nelson; First Edition (January 1, 1973)

History of mnemonics books and journal articles

  • The Art of Memory by Frances Yates, Random House UK (October 1, 2014)
  • The history of memory arts by B.M. Patten, Neurology. 1990 Feb;40(2):346-52. doi: 10.1212/wnl.40.2.346.

Bible mnemonics

  • Bible Menmonics -: Large Volume Bible Memorization by Brian F. Dash Sr. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform (June 1, 2011)

Various memory experts on mnemonics/memory

Harry Lorayne

Kevin Horsely

U.S. Memory Championship winners

Ron White

Use of mnemonics and slower cognitive decline

Journal articles on chess and mnemonics

See also: Chess mastery and memory improvement and Chess and increasing mental performance



A typical chess set and tournament clock.

Memory exercises website

See also

External links

Videos:

References

  1. ↑ The Human Body: God's Masterpiece
  2. ↑ The Enigmatic Human Brain by Wallace G. Smith
  3. ↑ The Most Complex Structure, Creation Moments
  4. ↑ What is visualization in psychology?
  5. ↑ Visualization and mnemonics
  6. ↑ Mnemonic training reshapes brain networks to support superior memory, Neuron, VOLUME 93, ISSUE 5, P1227-1235.E6, MARCH 08, 2017
  7. ↑ Mnemonic virtuosity: A study of chess players by Alfred Binet. [Trans. M. L. Simmel & S. B. Barron.]. Genetic Psychology Monographs, 74(1), 127–162
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