Changes

:I find a [[contract bridge]] analogy helpful.  In contract bridge, there is an auction phase where the two partnerships compete to determine what the trump suit will be (or whether there will be a trump suit) and how many tricks a side wants to bid to take.  During the auction, partners use the legal calls (bids, pass, double, redouble) to communicate the contents of their hands so that the optimal trump suit and number of tricks can be chosen.  After modern contract bridge was created in 1925, various natural bidding systems arose.  Bridge competitions pit systems against each other, and, in competitive play, the systems that produce the best results proliferate.  This explains why some old techniques are almost unused at tournament play these days (notably strong two-bids being replaced by the artificial forcing 2 clubs opening for strong hands).  Granted, bridge systems are filled with human inventions (such as the Stayman and Blackwood conventions).  Nevertheless, competition has refined bridge bidding systems to best communicate the necessary information to reach the right contract, just as some scientists believe that evolution selected the universal RNA code to best communicate how to make the necessary proteins for life.  In fact, the existence of a single universal RNA code in all organisms is strong evidence of common descent.

:I find a [[contract bridge]] analogy helpful.  In contract bridge, there is an auction phase where the two partnerships compete to determine what the trump suit will be (or whether there will be a trump suit) and how many tricks a side wants to bid to take.  During the auction, partners use the legal calls (bids, pass, double, redouble) to communicate the contents of their hands so that the optimal trump suit and number of tricks can be chosen.  After modern contract bridge was created in 1925, various natural bidding systems arose.  Bridge competitions pit systems against each other, and, in competitive play, the systems that produce the best results proliferate.  This explains why some old techniques are almost unused at tournament play these days (notably strong two-bids being replaced by the artificial forcing 2 clubs opening for strong hands).  Granted, bridge systems are filled with human inventions (such as the Stayman and Blackwood conventions).  Nevertheless, competition has refined bridge bidding systems to best communicate the necessary information to reach the right contract, just as some scientists believe that evolution selected the universal RNA code to best communicate how to make the necessary proteins for life.  In fact, the existence of a single universal RNA code in all organisms is strong evidence of common descent.

;How could such errors (mutations) create 3 billion letters of DNA information to change a microbe into a microbiologist? How can scrambling existing DNA information create a new biochemical pathway or nano-machines?

;How could such errors (mutations) create 3 billion letters of DNA information to change a microbe into a microbiologist? How can scrambling existing DNA information create a new biochemical pathway or nano-machines?

:TODO

:This question mischaracterizes evolution, as evolution consists of not just mutations but also selection and heredity.  To go back to the bridge example, one can be amazed by the sorts of systems that are in use today (see, for example, <ref>http://www.princeton.edu/~bridge/James_Nathan.pdf</ref>), yet, through more than 85 years of play, we have seen systems and conventions (which, incidentally, use the same vocabulary of bridge bidding yet change or scramble the meaning of the of the bids) develop and gain popularity due to their ability to better communicate information and earn their users higher scores.

;Why is natural selection taught as ‘evolution’ as if it explains the origin of the diversity of life?

;Why is natural selection taught as ‘evolution’ as if it explains the origin of the diversity of life?

:Natural selection is not evolution, just as the infield fly rule is not baseball.  Natural selection is a key mechanism of the theory of evolution.  Other important mechanisms include artificial selection by humans (which is said to explain why carrots are orange <ref>http://www.carrotmuseum.co.uk/history.html</ref>), mutations (how new DNA patterns originate, the "arrival of the fittest" mentioned in the explanation of the question) and heredity (how offspring inherit genetic material from their parent or parents).

:Natural selection is not evolution, just as the infield fly rule is not baseball.  Natural selection is a key mechanism of the theory of evolution.  Other important mechanisms include artificial selection by humans (which is said to explain why carrots are orange <ref>http://www.carrotmuseum.co.uk/history.html</ref>), mutations (how new DNA patterns originate, the "arrival of the fittest" mentioned in the explanation of the question) and heredity (how offspring inherit genetic material from their parent or parents).