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After the outbreak of World War II, the PCF was banned in France.  In 1941, the PCF joined with the Gaullists to form a National Front for French independence.  The PCF lead various worker strikes against the German occupation.

After the outbreak of World War II, the PCF was banned in France.  In 1941, the PCF joined with the Gaullists to form a National Front for French independence.  The PCF lead various worker strikes against the German occupation.

At the end of the war, the PCF was very popular because of its war-time role in the French resistance.  It won 59 deputies elected out of 586 seats in the interim Constitutional National Assembly.  In the November 1946 election, it won the most votes of any party.  The PCF played a major role in France's coalition government.  However, in May 1947, the PCF was forced to leave the government as a condition of France receiving United States aid under the [[Marshall Plan]].

At the end of the war, the PCF was very popular because of its war-time role in the French resistance.  It won 159 deputies elected out of 586 seats in the interim Constitutional National Assembly.  In the November 1946 election, it won the most votes of any party.  The PCF played a major role in France's coalition government.  However, in May 1947, the PCF was forced to leave the government as a condition of France receiving United States aid under the [[Marshall Plan]].

In 1958, the PCF was the only major French party which opposed [[Charles de Gaulle]]'s return to power.

In 1958, the PCF was the only major French party which opposed [[Charles de Gaulle]]'s return to power.