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| | '''Title IX''' is a section of the Higher Education Amendments Act of 1972 which mandates that no one "be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance" on account of sex.<ref>http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/20/1681</ref> [[20 U.S.C. § 1681(a)]]. Title IX became law in 1972. This requirement applies to all aspects of an educational institution even if only one department within the institution receives federal aid. | | '''Title IX''' is a section of the Higher Education Amendments Act of 1972 which mandates that no one "be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance" on account of sex.<ref>http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/20/1681</ref> [[20 U.S.C. § 1681(a)]]. Title IX became law in 1972. This requirement applies to all aspects of an educational institution even if only one department within the institution receives federal aid. |
| − | ==Admissions==
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| − | Perhaps the most controversial area where Title IX has been applied has been in the admission policies of schools. At the time Title IX was passed, there were a large number of single-sex institutions. Title IX did not apply to private, single-sex institutions. 20 U.S.C. § 1681(a)(1). The law gave institutions that changed to coed status a seven year window of non-compliance during the transition.
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| − | Some coeducational institutions used different admissions standards for male and female applicants. In 2009, the United States Civil Rights Commission launched an investigation into whether college admissions policies discriminated based on gender.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2009/11/18/us-civil-rights-commission-investigates-college-admission-bias|title=
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| − | U.S. Civil Rights Commission Investigates College Admission Bias|first=Zach|last=Miners|date=November 18, 2009|accessdate=August 30, 2012}}</ref>
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| | ==Sports== | | ==Sports== |
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| | {{cquote|Although Title IX does not prohibit discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation, sexual harassment directed at gay or lesbian students that is sufficiently serious to limit or deny a student’s ability to participate in or benefit from the school’s program constitutes sexual harassment prohibited by Title IX}} | | {{cquote|Although Title IX does not prohibit discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation, sexual harassment directed at gay or lesbian students that is sufficiently serious to limit or deny a student’s ability to participate in or benefit from the school’s program constitutes sexual harassment prohibited by Title IX}} |
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| | + | ==Admissions== |
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| | + | Today women outnumber men, often by huge percentages, at most colleges. Decades ago, however, when Title IX was enacted, there were a large number of single-sex institutions. Title IX did not apply to private, single-sex institutions. 20 U.S.C. § 1681(a)(1). The law gave institutions that changed to coed status a seven year window of non-compliance during the transition. |
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| | + | Some coeducational institutions used different admissions standards for male and female applicants. In 2009, the United States Civil Rights Commission launched an investigation into whether college admissions policies discriminated based on gender.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2009/11/18/us-civil-rights-commission-investigates-college-admission-bias|title= |
| | + | U.S. Civil Rights Commission Investigates College Admission Bias|first=Zach|last=Miners|date=November 18, 2009|accessdate=August 30, 2012}}</ref> |
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| | == References == | | == References == |