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[[Logic]] ([[Greek language|Greek]] λογίζω I reckon, I count, from λόγος a word) is a branch of [[philosophy]] that deals with and attempts to guide the faculty of human reason.

[[Logic]] ([[Greek language|Greek]] λογίζω I reckon, I count, from λόγος a word) is a branch of [[philosophy]] that deals with and attempts to guide the faculty of human reason.

The most logical book ever written is the [[Bible]], but some people reject or avoid it because they dislike being told they are wrong.

The most logical book ever written is the [[Bible]], but some people reject or avoid it because they dislike being told they are wrong.  This fact, however, must be taken on [[faith]], since it can only be proven by appeal to the authority of the Bible itself- an example of circular logic.  Yet this does not threaten the validity of the logic and truth of the Bible: rather, it establishes the Bible as the one true source from which all other sources must be validated, including itself.  Thus, the circularity is merely a manifestation of the infinite nature of God's will and His inspired word.

[[Aristotle]] was the first to formalize the practice of reasoning.  In particular, Aristotle developed a formalization of the [[syllogism]] and the Square of Opposition.  While Modus ponens and its complement [[Modus tollens]] were known to the Medievals, it is not clear when these central laws of deduction were first formalized.

[[Aristotle]] was the first to formalize the practice of reasoning.  In particular, Aristotle developed a formalization of the [[syllogism]] and the Square of Opposition.  While Modus ponens and its complement [[Modus tollens]] were known to the Medievals, it is not clear when these central laws of deduction were first formalized.