Changes

The decision, based on the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment, was ''Reynolds v. Sims'' (1964):

The decision, based on the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment, was ''Reynolds v. Sims'' (1964):

{{cquote|the Equal Protection Clause requires that both houses of a state legislature be apportioned on a population basis}}

{{cquote|the Equal Protection Clause requires that both houses of a state legislature be apportioned on a population basis}}

''Reynolds v. Sims'', 377 U.S. 533, 583 (1964).  The Supreme Court thus required of States something that is not required of the U.S. Senate.

''Reynolds v. Sims'', 377 U.S. 533, 583 (1964).  The Supreme Court thus required of States something that is not required of the U.S. Senate.

Four years later, a 5-3 decision of the U.S. Supreme Court extended the same requirement to county, city and town legislatures also:

Four years later, a 5-3 decision of the U.S. Supreme Court extended the same requirement to county, city and town legislatures also:

{{cquote|the Constitution imposes one ground rule for the development of arrangements of local government: a requirement that units with general governmental powers over an entire geographic area not be apportioned among single-member districts of substantially unequal population.

{{cquote|the Constitution imposes one ground rule for the development of arrangements of local government: a requirement that units with general governmental powers over an entire geographic area not be apportioned among single-member districts of substantially unequal population.

''Avery v. Midland County'', 390 U.S. 474, 485-486 (1968).  (By "single-member districts" Justice White is referring to a district that elects only one representative for it.)

''Avery v. Midland County'', 390 U.S. 474, 485-486 (1968).  (By "single-member districts" Justice White is referring to a district that elects only one representative for it.)