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Line 4: + + + + + + + + + + + + − While as a purely technical matter, the KGB was not the only organization seeking subversion and overthrow of legitimate government from the early days of the Workers Revolution. [[Alger Hiss]] for example, was an agent of Soviet Military Intelligence (GRU) and not strictly speaking the KGB. This has led to some confusion even today because technically Alger Hiss was not a KGB Agent, but rather a GRU Agent. Below is a table listing eight different Soviet intelligence entities operating in the United States between the period of 1921 and 1943.+ + + − +
expand; reorder some material
At the July 1920 Second Congress of the Communist International [[Comintern]], General Secretary of the Communist Party [[V.I. Lenin]] told delegates "we must everywhere build up a parallel illegal organisation".<ref>[http://ciml.250x.com/archive/comintern/termsadm.html]</ref>
At the July 1920 Second Congress of the Communist International [[Comintern]], General Secretary of the Communist Party [[V.I. Lenin]] told delegates "we must everywhere build up a parallel illegal organisation".<ref>[http://ciml.250x.com/archive/comintern/termsadm.html]</ref>
==Founding==
The [[Cheka]], or VChK, (1917-22).
==OGPU (1923-34)==
The head of the OGPU at that time was also a member of the Supreme Court and the Chief Prosecutor of the USSR was responsible for the legality of all acts of the OGPU. It was simply another ''CHEKA'' with broader powers. These powers grew to such proportions that it became for a while the most powerful and feared government agency. It had so much power that its activities were actually curtailed in 1934.
==NKVD (1934-41, 1941-43)==
===Infrastructure projects===
The NKVD was responsible for the construction and maintenance of highways. The labor for infrastructure projects came from the corrective labor camps, or [[concentration camps|GULAG]]s.<ref>Joseph A. Michela, Military Attache Moscow Report 1903, "N.K.V.D. of the U.S.S.R.," 14 April 1941, [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] Library, [[Harry Hopkins]] Papers, "MID Reports--USSR--Volume V," box 190. [https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/books-and-monographs/venona-soviet-espionage-and-the-american-response-1939-1957/5c.gif p.4].</ref>
==KGB in the US 1921-1943==
==KGB in the US 1921-1943==
The KGB was not the only Soviet intelligence organization seeking to subvert and overthrow legitimate foreign governments. [[Alger Hiss]] for example, was actually an agent of Soviet Military Intelligence (GRU), not the KGB. This has led to some confusion even today.
Below is a table listing eight different Soviet intelligence entities operating in the United States between the period of 1921 and 1943.
*[[Comintern]]
*[[Comintern]]
*[[CPUSA]]; (although CPUSA membership was legal among ''certain'' people at ''certain'' times, membership among government employees and employees of government contractors involved in the war effort, or "defense contractors relating to National Security", to use post-1947 terminology, was clearly illegal.
*[[CPUSA]]; (although CPUSA membership was legal among ''certain'' people at ''certain'' times, membership among government employees and employees of government contractors involved in the war effort, or "defense contractors relating to National Security", to use post-1947 terminology, was clearly illegal.
*CPUSA '''secret apparatus'''
*CPUSA '''secret apparatus'''
*[[KGB]] "legals", i.e. KGB agents registered in the United States on valid visas, operating under a ''[[Rezident]]'' and illegally engaged in espionage. {For the purpose of discussion on this page, KGB is used to encompass all pre-1954 predecessor names conducting foreign intelligence, [[Cheka]] or [[VChK]] (1917-22), the [[Gosudarstvennoye Politicheskoye Upravlenie|GPU]] (1922-23), the [[OGPU]] (1923-34), the [[NKVD]] (1934-41, 1941-43), the [[NKGB]] (1941, 1943-46), the [[MGB]] (1946-47, 1952-53), the [[KI]] (1947-52), the [[MVD]] (1953-54), and the KGB (1954-91)}
*[[KGB]] "legals", i.e. KGB agents registered in the United States on valid visas, operating under a ''[[Rezident]]'' and illegally engaged in espionage. {For the purpose of discussion on this page, KGB is used to encompass all pre-1954 predecessor names conducting foreign intelligence, Cheka or [[VChK]] (1917-22), the [[Gosudarstvennoye Politicheskoye Upravlenie|GPU]] (1922-23), the [[OGPU]] (1923-34), the [[NKVD]] (1934-41, 1941-43), the [[NKGB]] (1941, 1943-46), the [[MGB]] (1946-47, 1952-53), the [[KI]] (1947-52), the [[MVD]] (1953-54), and the KGB (1954-91)}
*'''KGB "Illegals"'''; agents operating under "deep cover", maybe native born maybe immigrant, and operating under their own separate ''[[Rezident]]'', (or "Station Chief", to use an analogous CIA term).
*'''KGB "Illegals"'''; agents operating under "deep cover", maybe native born maybe immigrant, and operating under their own separate ''[[Rezident]]'', (or "Station Chief", to use an analogous CIA term).
*[[GRU]], Soviet Military Intelligence (under its own ''[[Rezident]]'').
*[[GRU]], Soviet Military Intelligence (under its own ''[[Rezident]]'').