Changes

Art. I - enumerates powers for Congress.

Art. I - enumerates powers for Congress.

<br>Art. II - establishes the presidency and executive branch.

:Art. II - establishes the presidency and executive branch.

<br>Art. III - establishes the Supreme Court and authorizes Congress to set up lower federal courts.

:Art. III - establishes the Supreme Court and authorizes Congress to set up lower federal courts.

<br>Art. IV - requires full faith and credit between the states; requires them to have republican govts.

:Art. IV - requires full faith and credit between the states; requires them to have republican govts.

<br>Art. V - amendments are by 2/3rd vote by Congress and 3/4 of States to ratify, or by a constitutional convention (which has never occurred)

:Art. V - amendments are by 2/3rd vote by Congress and 3/4 of States to ratify, or by a constitutional convention (which has never occurred)

<br>Art. VI - federal law is supreme (Supremacy Clause)

:Art. VI - federal law is supreme (Supremacy Clause)

<br>Art. VII - 9/13 of colonies was all that was needed to ratify the U.S. Constitution, unlike the unanimity required by the Articles of Confederation

:Art. VII - 9/13 of colonies was all that was needed to ratify the U.S. Constitution, unlike the unanimity required by the Articles of Confederation

Next came the Bill of Rights (Amendments 1-10), and subsequent Amendments after that.  The Bill of Rights protect our liberties.  The other amendments promote democracy, refined procedures for presidential elections, enacted and rescinded Prohibition, and addressed other miscellaneous issues.  The Fourteenth Amendment and its limitations on the states is by far the most important outside of the Bill of Rights.

Next came the Bill of Rights (Amendments 1-10), and subsequent Amendments after that.  The Bill of Rights protect our liberties.  The other amendments promote democracy, refined procedures for presidential elections, enacted and rescinded Prohibition, and addressed other miscellaneous issues.  The Fourteenth Amendment and its limitations on the states is by far the most important outside of the Bill of Rights.

== The Funding of Government: Taxes ==

== The Funding of Government: Taxes ==

Government needs funding in order to run, and the lack of funding for the federal government under the Articles of Confederation was a problem.  Here is a brief look at the two types of taxes used to fund government: "direct" and "indirect".<ref><small>http://www.investorguide.com/article/11164/the-difference-between-direct-tax-and-indirect-tax/</small></ref>  A "direct" tax is how the Roman Empire funded itself: each adult must directly pay a certain tax, whether he has income or not (also known as a "head tax" or "capitation tax," because it is applied per person).  Jesus and the Apostles had to pay this type of tax, because they were in the Roman Empire.  Another example of a "direct" tax is a tax on real estate, which the federal government imposed in its early years but does not anymore.  (Now State and local governments impose real estate taxes.)

Government needs funding in order to run, and the lack of funding for the federal government under the Articles of Confederation was a problem.  Here is a brief look at the two types of taxes used to fund government: "direct" and "indirect".<ref>http://www.investorguide.com/article/11164/the-difference-between-direct-tax-and-indirect-tax/</ref>  A "direct" tax is how the Roman Empire funded itself: each adult must directly pay a certain tax, whether he has income or not (also known as a "head tax" or "capitation tax," because it is applied per person).  Jesus and the Apostles had to pay this type of tax, because they were in the Roman Empire.  Another example of a "direct" tax is a tax on real estate, which the federal government imposed in its early years but does not anymore.  (Now State and local governments impose real estate taxes.)

Many taxes are "indirect" in nature, such as "excise taxes."  An excise tax is based on an activity, such as a sale of a product from a business to a customer.  It is a tax on activity rather than on a person or on property itself.  An example of indirect or excise federal taxes are the taxes on gasoline, and in telephone bills.

Many taxes are "indirect" in nature, such as "excise taxes."  An excise tax is based on an activity, such as a sale of a product from a business to a customer.  It is a tax on activity rather than on a person or on property itself.  An example of indirect or excise federal taxes are the taxes on gasoline, and in telephone bills.