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/* Fritz Zwicky and Ten Bruggencate */ new section
Not sure how to work this into the article itself though. --[[User:Rutm|Rutm]] 19:04, 4 June 2008 (EDT)
== Fritz Zwicky and Ten Bruggencate ==
OK, so first of all I'm only 13 years old. But I've done some research on this recently (for fun) and I think I have some suggestions. I think that the scientific articles of Fritz Zwicky and Ten Bruggencate would be extremely helpful for this article.
After Edwin Hubble discovered the redshift/distance correlation, he said that the redshift was due to the Doppler effect. However, Fritz Zwicky noted that the redshift/distance relationship wasn't really that great. If the universe was expanding, the redshift/distance correlation should be pretty much linear, but for further distances the relationship was not that good. In fact, it was out of the margin of error involved during calculations and had to be attributed to something else. So Zwicky proposed that light lost energy as it traveled through gravitational fields (or that the energy got transferred via gravitational fields to intervening matter).
Of course, that was a nice idea, but it was just a hypotheses. So here's where Ten Bruggencate comes into the scene. He wanted to test Zwicky's hypotheses, so he decided to test the redshifts of globular clusters. These globular clusters were a good testing sample since their distances would be somewhat accurate, and he could just deal with redshifts. If Hubble's idea was right, then they should all have the same redshifts, but if Zwicky's idea was right, then their redshifts should relate to the intervening matter around them. And that's just what he found - that the redshifts of the globular clusters were definitely related to the intervening matter surrounding them. Zwicky's theory was proven!
Below are the two articles I'm talking about.
http://www.pnas.org/content/15/10/773.full.pdf
http://www.pnas.org/content/16/2/111.full.pdf
You can also see even in a traditional diagram like this how when stars are clustered together, the redshift/distance correlation is even more messed up.
http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/teachers/lessons/swift_grb/images/swift_fig2.gif
